고대 일본의 백제 망명귀족과 후손— 도혼(答本), 아사다노무라지(麻田連)씨 관계 기사를 중심으로 —

Abstract

The noblemen exiled from Baekje, including Touhon-shunsho, were versatile with a broad range of knowledge and skills in not only military strategies but also in literature, medical science, and the philosophy of yin and yang. Since Touhon-youshun, a descendant of Touhon-shunsho, received the kabane of Asadanomuraji, the Asadanomuraji-shi, whose members ranged from Asadanomuraji-youshun to Asadanomuraji-kanahu, Asadanomuraji-karihu and Asadanomuraji-makiyo, were engaged in various fields in the 8th century, including documentation, accounting, medical science, and fortification on top of their primary mission in literary work. Moreover, they made both public and personal exchanges with the Hujiwara-shi and the Otomo-shi, who were the most highly valued clans throughout the Nara Period, reinforcing the foundation for the Asadanomuraji-shi’s advancement. However, the Asadanomuraji-shi, who were descendants of the noblemen exiled from Baekje, record in ShinsenShojiroku, King Jun of Gojoseon of Baekje as their progenitor. The change of Asadanomuraji-shi’s sisei and progenitor transmission is in line with the findings of the review made of the sisei and ancestral transmission of the noblemen exiled from Baekje. Therefore, it is argued that, after coming to Japan, the noblemen exiled from Baekje, with some variance in time, got transferred into Japanese order of ujikabane, and, while inheriting their origin as the noblemen exiled from Baekje, they also changed their progenitor transmission as being originated from the royal family of Baekje or China or as descendants of the Japanese emperor. This evidence indicates that, though kabane was not specified by law as the standard for the appointment of officials, it remained continuously influential in the officials’ society, just as office and rank served as beneficial elements for descendants by oni-sei. For this reason, the ‘noblemen exiled from Baekje’ created a pedigree to their advantage by changing their own origin with a revised progenitor.