한국어 태 범주의 연속체
Voice Continuum of Korean
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초록
Traditionally, voice categorization is understood as having its basis on an active-passive contrast (Shibatani 2004). However, in cognitive and functional-typological perspectives, voice is defined as a system of correspondences between event types and syntactic structures (Shibatani 2006, Kemmer 1993), and various voice constructions, including active and passive, fall within this system. Some voice constructions are associated with morphological markers, which can be polysemous. Functions of these polysemous markers can be identified using different sentence constructions (Goldberg 1995). Semantic maps represent functional domains of grammatical markers on the conceptual space and semantic boundaries between functions. This paper proposes several Korean voice categories based on semantic boundaries, sentence constructions, and restrictions in voice alternation. These voice categories —active, passive, causative, potential, spontaneous, body action middle, emotional middle, reflexive, reciprocal, and etc.— reflect the differences in image-schemas of various event types. Consequently, voice continuum in Korean is proposed.
Abstract
Traditionally, voice categorization is understood as having its basis on an active-passive contrast (Shibatani 2004). However, in cognitive and functional-typological perspectives, voice is defined as a system of correspondences between event types and syntactic structures (Shibatani 2006, Kemmer 1993), and various voice constructions, including active and passive, fall within this system. Some voice constructions are associated with morphological markers, which can be polysemous. Functions of these polysemous markers can be identified using different sentence constructions (Goldberg 1995). Semantic maps represent functional domains of grammatical markers on the conceptual space and semantic boundaries between functions. This paper proposes several Korean voice categories based on semantic boundaries, sentence constructions, and restrictions in voice alternation. These voice categories —active, passive, causative, potential, spontaneous, body action middle, emotional middle, reflexive, reciprocal, and etc.— reflect the differences in image-schemas of various event types. Consequently, voice continuum in Korean is proposed.
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