대학병원의 조직문화와 직무특성이 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
A Study on the Relationship between Organizational Culture, Job Characteristics and Organization Citizenship Behavior in hospitals
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초록
조직시민행동이란 조직의 동료들을 기꺼이 도와주고, 조직목표와 가치를 공유하고 협동하고 자발적으로 봉사하는 일련의 행동을 의미하는 것으로 학자들에 따라 친사회적 조직행동, 역할 외 행동, 조직적 자발성, 반역할 행동 등으로 사용되어 왔다. 특히 병원 조직처럼 인적자원간의 조화가 중요한 조직에서 조직시민행동의 중요성은 점점 높아가고 있다. 그러나 조직시민행동에 영향을 미치는 많은 원인변수에 대한 연구가 있었지만 조직문화와 조직시민행동간의 연구는 부족한 것이 현실이었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선행연구들에서 입증된 Hackman과 Oldham(1975)의 직무특성의 다섯 가지 차원과 새로운 조직문화 변수를 고려한 모형을 만들고 이에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 조직시민행동에 영향을 미치는 직무특성은 과업유의성과 피드백으로 나타났고, 기능다양성도 시민정신에, 자율성은 양심성에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 것은 본 연구의 성과이다. 친화적 문화는 예의성과 시민정신에 영향을 미치고, 과업적 문화는 양심성, 시민정신, 스포츠맨십에 영향을 미치고, 보수적 문화는 이타성에만 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 진취적 문화는 조직시민행동에 전혀 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
A Study on the Relationship between Organizational Culture, Job Characteristics and Organization Citizenship Behavior in hospitals Choi, Su-Hyung*․Cho, Duk-Young**․Hong, Tae-Ho*** Assistant Professor, University-Industry Corporation Foundation, Pusan National University* ,Fund Professor, School of Medicine, Pusan National University** Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Pusan National University*** This study attempted to examine relationships between organizational culture, job characteristics and organizational citizenship behavior. The major findings of the empirical research are as follows ; 1. The Causal relation of dimensions of organizational culture and dimensions of OCB. Affinitive culture has significant impact on courtesy, civic virtue of OCB. Conservative culture has no significant impact on all of OCB. Task culture has significant impact on conscientiousness, civic virtue, sportsmanship of OCB. Innovative culture has no significant impact on courtesy, civic virtue of OCB. 2. The Causal relation of dimensions of job characteristics and dimensions of OCB. Civic Virtue closely associated with perceived skill variety, task significance, and feedback. Altruism had meaningful relationships with task significance and feedback, and consciousness associated with autonomy and feedback. Courtesy had a relationship with only feedback. Key Words： Organization Citizenship Behavior, Job Characteristics, Organizational Culture, Hospital Management.
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