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개인창의성에 영향을 미치는 변수에 관한 연구* - 창의적 성격, 기술다양성 및 팀 특성의 상호작용효과를 중심으로 -

A Study On The Variables That Affect Individual Creativity - The Interactive Effects Of Creative Personality, Skill Variety, And Team Characteristics -

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

오늘날과 같은 무한경쟁시대에서는 개인창의성이야말로 기업이 생존하고 경쟁우위를 지속할 수 있는 기업혁신의 밑거름이므로, 우리 기업들의 경쟁력을 높이기 위해서는 개인차원에서의 창의성에 대한 연구가 절실히 요구된다. 따라서 최근 들어 많은 연구자들이 개인창의성에 대해 관심을 갖고 연구를 해왔다. 이들 연구자들은 대부분 특정 요인들이 조직 내 개인들의 창의성을 촉진시키는지에 대해 초점을 두고 연구를 해왔는데, 연구결과 다양한 개인특성, 직무특성, 그리고 작업환경 특성 등이 독립적으로 혹은 두 가지 변수가 상호작용하여 개인창의성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구의 목적은 지금까지 주로 개별적으로 전개되어 왔던 개인창의성의 영향요인과 관련하여 개인특성(창의적 성격), 직무특성(기술다양성), 작업환경특성(팀특성) 등이 개인창의성에 미치는 영향을 종합적으로 분석하여 이들 세 변수의 상호작용효과를 검증하는 데 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 14개 조직의 연구개발부서의 종사자를 대상으로 창의적 성격, 기술다양성, 팀분위기, 팀임파워먼트, 개인창의성(부하직원)과 부하직원의 개인창의성(상사)을 응답하도록 하는 설문조사를 실시하여 총 157쌍의 유효한 설문을 얻었다. 분석결과 창의적 성격, 기술다양성, 팀임파워먼트, 창의성을 중요시하는 팀분위기 각각은 개인창의성에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 나아가 본 연구는 창의적 성격, 기술다양성, 팀특성이 서로 상호작용하여 개인창의성에 영향을 미친다는 사실을 밝혀냈다. 구체적으로 창의적 성격, 기술다양성, 팀분위기가 서로 상호작용하여 부하 자신이 보고한 개인창의성에 유의적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 창의적 성격, 기술다양성, 팀임파워먼트가 서로 상호작용하여 부하자신 뿐만 아니라 상사가 보고한 개인창의성에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

In today’s rapidly changing environment, employee creativity is important for organizations to have competitive advantages for an organizational innovation, survival and long term success. Consequently, to examine how organizations can foster employee creativity can be extremely valuable to increase organizational competitiveness. Creativity researchers have examined the antecedents of employee creativity and found that personal characteristics(creative personality), job characteristics(skill variety), and work environment(team characteristics) independently or interactively influenced individual creativity. Although current creativity research has enhanced our understanding about what factors influence employee creativity, less research has focused on examining how personal characteristics, job characteristics, and work environment jointly influence employee creativity. To address this issue, we examined how creative personality, skill variety, and team characteristics influenced employee creativity independently and jointly. We collected data from 157 employee-supervisor pairs from research and development(R&D) departments in 14 organizations in South Korea. The results show that creative personality, skill variety, team climate for creativity, and team empowerment significantly influenced employee creativity, respectively. In addition, as expected, creative personality, skill variety, and team climate for creativity jointly influenced employee creativity. Specifically, when skill variety and team climate for creativity were both low, the relationship between creative personality and employee creativity was the lowest. On the other hand, when skill variety was high and team climate for creativity was high, the relationship between creative personality and employee creativity was the highest.

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