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상사의 태도와 직무 특성이 창의적 성과를 일으키는 과정에 관한 연구

The Effects of Leader’s Attitude and Job Characteristics on Subordinate’s Creative Performance

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주제분류경영학

초록

점점 더 변화의 속도가 빨라지고 예측하기 힘들어지고 있는 글로벌 기업환경은 기업들에 새로운 대처방안을 끊임없이 요구하고 있다. 고객들의 니즈가 더 다양해지고, 시장과 기술이 끊임없이 변화하며, 글로벌 경쟁이 점점 더 심화되고 있는 상황에서, 현실에 안주하고 변하지 않거나 새로운 가치를 창출하지 못하는 기업은생존할 수 없는 시대인 것이다. 불확실성을 극복하고 기업이 생존하기 위해서 ‘창의적’이어야만 하는 시대가된 것이다. 기업의 창의성은 업무능력이나 성과와는 달리 금전적․물리적 보상으로 쉽게 활성화되지 않는다. 다양한재능․경험․배경을 가진 사람들이 자기 의견을 마음껏 개진해 나아갈 수 있는 환경이 존재할 때 가능해지는 것이다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고, 지금까지의 연구는 기업 경영의 측면에서보다는 창의성 교육위주로진행되어 왔으며, 기업 연구에서도 실제 성과로 이어지는 프로세스에 관한 연구보다는 주로 종업원들의 성격요인을 중심으로 연구가 진행되어왔다. 즉, 종업원이 처한 조직 내 상황적 특성으로서 현재의 비금전적․비물리적으로 동기부여를 최대한 이끌어낼 수 있는 환경적 요소들에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기업의 비제도적 측면에서 종업원이 가장 근접하게 가지게 되는 조직 내 특징적 환경속에서 창의적 성과를 일으키게 하는 과정을 규명해 보았다. 창의성을 발현하는 과정으로서 조직의 창의성을이해하는데 필수적인 동기부여와 창의적 프로세스참여를 매개체로 하여 종업원의 직무특성과 상사가 보여주는 태도라는 상황적 요인들이 종업원들의 창의성 발현의 결과물이라 할 수 있는 창의적 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하고자 하였다.

Abstract

We are making products and services that we didn’t easily think or even imagine when youngand living using them. Consumer needs become more diversified, markets and technologies arebeing constantly changed, and corporate global competitiveness is getting intensified. Now,companies that don’t change nor create new values cannot survive. The cycle of new products is faster, and therefore corporations should improve previous productscontinuously or create new values according to such a trend. This era requires ‘creativity’ forcompanies to overcome uncertainty and survive. Corporate creativity is not easily activated as financial and physical compensation unlike thework ability or performance. When there is an environment that people with various abilities,experiences and backgrounds can express their opinions freely, it becomes possible. Despite theimportance, the studies have focused on creativity education so far instead of the viewpoint ofcorporate business administration. In addition, most studies have dealt with job characteristics andemployees’ personality factors rather than the process that is connected to actual performance. Inother words, the studies on environmental factors that can lead motivation as situationalcharacteristics of the employee’s company in a current non-monetary and non-physical way arevery insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively examine the process of creating creativeperformance in the environment inside the company that the employee could approach most closelyfrom the corporate deinstitutional perspective. As the major variables, job characteristics andsupervisor’s ethical leadership were selected, and the process that is connected to the creativeperformance was explained by means of motivation necessary to understand creativity of theorganization and creative process engagement(CPE). The summary of the verification results is following. First, job characteristics and supervisor’s attitude(ethical leadership) had positive effects onintrinsic motivation and creativity process engagement. Second, intrinsic motivation and creativity process engagement had positive effects on creativeperformance.Third, intrinsic motivation and creativity process engagement had mediated the relationshipbetween job characteristics, supervisor’s attitude and intrinsic motivation, creativity processengagement

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