중세영어 동사어순과 문법변화에 대한 소고
A Note on Verbal Word Order and Grammatical Change in Middle English
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Middle English shows the puzzling phenomenon of the following verbal orders: did not speak, not spoke and spoke not. The purpose of this paper is to show a new explanatory account of how the puzzling phenomenon can appear simultaneously and be derived in this period. Supposing that the minimalist view of syntactic variation is that some parts of UG are underspecified to Category, I argue that T and V are underspecified in Early Middle English. These verbal orders can be derived from four different clausal structures where T and V are (under)specified respectively. Thus, it is concluded that variation in the surface position of the verbs in Middle English can be explained by the hypothesis of ±T and ±V specification to Category on the structure. Accordingly, the loss of verbal inflection and the re-restructuring pre-modal verbs are also attributed to these -T and –V specification on the clausal structures in Middle English.
Abstract
Middle English shows the puzzling phenomenon of the following verbal orders: did not speak, not spoke and spoke not. The purpose of this paper is to show a new explanatory account of how the puzzling phenomenon can appear simultaneously and be derived in this period. Supposing that the minimalist view of syntactic variation is that some parts of UG are underspecified to Category, I argue that T and V are underspecified in Early Middle English. These verbal orders can be derived from four different clausal structures where T and V are (under)specified respectively. Thus, it is concluded that variation in the surface position of the verbs in Middle English can be explained by the hypothesis of ±T and ±V specification to Category on the structure. Accordingly, the loss of verbal inflection and the re-restructuring pre-modal verbs are also attributed to these -T and –V specification on the clausal structures in Middle English.
참고문헌 (27)
- Canale, Michael, "Word Order Changer in Old English: Base Reanalysis in Generative Grammar", Ph.D., pp.1978
- Chomsky, Noam, "The Minimalist Program" (1995), MIT Press
- Chomsky, Noam, "Step by Step: Essays on Minimalist Syntax in Honor of Howard Lasnik", pp.89~157 (2000), MIT Press
- Denison, David, "English Historical Syntax" (1995), Longman
- Gelderen, Ellen van, "The Rise of Functional Categories" (1993), John Benjamins
- Haeberli, Eric, "Grammatical Change: Origins, Nature, Outcomes", pp.219~238 (2011), Oxford University Press
- Holmberg, Anders, "Linguistic Variation in the Minimalist Framework", pp.61~81 (2014), Oxford University Press
- Hulk, Aafke, "Clause Structure and Language Change", pp.227~256 (1995), Oxford University Press
- Lightfoot, David, "Principle of Diachronic Syntax" (1979), Cambridge University. Press
- Lightfoot, David, "How to Set Parameter: Arguments from Language Change" (1992), MIT press
- Kiparsky, Paul, "The Rise of Positional Licensing", Stanford University (1997)
- Kemenade, Ans van, "Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English" (1987), Foris
- Krock, Anthony, "Comparative Grammar", pp.199~244 (1989), Routledge
- Kroch, Anthony, "Diachronic Syntax: Model and Mechanism", pp.132~163 (2000), Oxford University Press
- Pintzuk, Susan, "Phrase Structures in Competition: Variation and Change in Old English Word Order" (1999), Garland
- Pintzuk, Susan, "Syntactic Effects of Morphological Change", pp.276~299 (2002), Oxford University Press
- Pintzuk, Susan, "Argument Against a Universal Base: Evidence from Old English", English Language and Linguistics, 9, pp.115~138 (2005)
- Pintzuk, Susan, "The Handbook of the History of English", pp.281~338 (2006), Blackwell
- Pollo, Chiara, "Syntactic Effects of Morphological Change", pp.124~142 (2002), Oxford University Press
- Obata, Miki, "Parameter as Third Factor Timing Optionality", University of Michigan (2018)
- Richards, Mark, "Two Kinds of Variation in a Minimalist System", Universitāt Leipzig (2008)
- Roberts, Ian, "Agreement Parameters and the Development of English Modal Auxiliaries", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 3, pp.31~58 (1985)
- Roberts, Ian, "Verbs and Diachronic Syntax: a Comparative History of English and French" (1993), Kluwer
- Roberts, Ian, "Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change", pp.397~426 (1997), Cambridge University Press
- Visser, Frederik Theodoor, "An Historical Syntax of the English Language, 4 volumes" (1969), E. J. Brill
- Warner, Anthont, "Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change", pp.380~393 (1997), Cambridge University Press
- Wurff, Wim Der van, "Deriving Object-Order in Late Middle English", Journal of Linguistics, 33, pp.485~509 (1997)