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팀 인력다양성이 팀효과성에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구- 갈등과 성찰성의 매개효과 -

A Study on Effects of Team Workforce Diversity on Team Effectiveness - Mediating Effect of Conflict and Reflexivity -

이윤경|김종관
한국인적자원관리학회 (Korean Academy Of Human Resource Management)|2013.11|인적자원관리연구 (Journal of Human Resource Management Research)|제20권 제4호|pp. 179-200|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14396/jhrmr.2013.20.4.179

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키워드

팀효과성team effectiveness갈등conflict성찰성value diversity가치다양성social category diversityinformation diversity사회범주다양성정보다양성refilexivity
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 팀 인력다양성이 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하기 위해, 인력다양성을 사회범주다양성(성별, 연령, 근속년수), 가치다양성, 정보다양성(전공, 직급, 기능)으로 분류하고, 다양성과 성과의 관계를 매개하는 갈등과 성찰성의 역할을 분석함으로써, 조직 내 다양성이 어떤 과정을 통하여 성과에 영향을 미치는지에 대해 연구하였다. 팀 수준에서 인력의 다양성과 효과성에 대한 관계를 연구하기 위해 국내 기업의 66개 팀 437명을 대상으로 표본조사하여 연구를 진행하였다. 분석결과 팀 인력다양성 중 사회범주다양성은 직접 팀효과성(팀만족, 팀몰입, 팀혁신)에 영향을 미치기도 하지만, 대부분 관계갈등과 과업갈등에 매개되어 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 가치다양성 또한 직접적인 관계보다는 갈등에 의한 매개효과가 나타나고 있었다. 정보다양성은 일부 갈등과 성찰성에 의해 매개되고 있지만 직접 팀효과에 미치는 영향이 많다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 정확한 매개효과에 대해 알아보기 위해 경로분석을 실시하였다. 결과는 갈등에 의해 매개된 다양성의 효과가 성찰성을 통해 팀만족, 팀몰입, 팀혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 관계갈등과 과업갈등 또한 팀혁신에 유의미한 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 인력다양성은 조직 내 갈등, 성찰, 혁신에 긍정적인 효과를 나타낼 수 있으며, 이를 어떻게 관리하는지에 따라 성과에 미치는 영향이 달라질 것이라는 것을 제시하고 있다.

Abstract

Workforce diversity is important issue on business today. The purpose of this study is to know effects of team workforce diversity on team effectiveness. The diversity is classified social-category diversity(sex, age, tenure), information diversity(major, job position, function), value diversity. The study looks how each diversity affect the team effectiveness(team satisfaction, team commitment, team innovation) and examines the mediating effect of conflict and reflexivity on the process. A survey of 66 team leader and member(total 439) at corporate institutes show that some diversity had a positive impact on team effectiveness. First, among social-category diversity , sex diversity and tenure diversity are positively related to team effectiveness. Information diversity is are positively related to team effectiveness. Value diversity is not significant on team effectiveness. Second, social-category and value diversity are positively related to relation conflict and task conflict and age diversity, tenure diversity, job position diversity, function diversity are positively related to relation reflexivity. Third, task conflict mediate the relationship between diversity(social-category, value) and team effectiveness(team innovation) and reflexivity mediate the relationship between diversity(information) and team effectiveness(team satisfaction, team commitment, team innovation). Last, I executed structural analysis to know clear relation between variable. This analysis show task conflict is mediate between diversity and reflexivity and then reflexivity is positively related to team effectiveness. this indirect effects are significant. Diversity directly or indirectly has an effect on performance. Companies must be conduct a long-term management of diversity. It should be performed in terms of the strategic human resource management.

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