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서비스 유형이 팀 다양성과 성과간의 관계에 미치는 효과: 컨설팅 팀을 대상으로

The effect of service type on the relationship between team diversity and team performance: Focused on consulting team

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초록

팀 과제의 효과적인 달성을 위한 팀원 구성방식은 매우 중요한 의미를 가진다. 그것은 팀원이 어떻게 구성되는 가에 따라 팀의 목표달성을 위한 의사소통, 협력 및 갈등 등의 팀 과정(team process)이 상이하기 때문이다. 기존 연구결과들을 살펴보면 팀 다양성 수준과 팀 성과간에는 일관성 있는 결과를 보여주지는 않는다. 그것은 팀 다양성과 팀 성과간의 관계에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다양한 상황적인 조건이 존재하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 컨설팅 회사의 컨설팅 팀을 대상으로 네 가지의 컨설팅 서비스 유형을 제시한 후 팀 구성방식과 팀 성과간의 관계에서 서비스 유형이 미치는 효과에 대해 사례분석을 실시하였다. 사례분석결과 연령, 성별, 근속연수 등의 사회범주다양성이 팀 다양성과 팀 성과간의 관계에 미치는 효과는 미비한 반면에 기능 다양성인 주기능 다양성과 개인내 기능다양성이 팀 성과에 미치는 효과는 컨설팅 서비스 유형에 따라 상이하다는 사실을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 추가적으로 팀 다양성이 팀 성과에 미치는 효과를 유연성의 관점에서 파악하였는데, 서비스 유형에 따라 추구하는 유연성 방식이 상이함을 알 수 있었다. 이와 함께 컨설팅 회사별 지식경영전략에 따라 팀 구성방식의 다양성 수준이 차이가 있다는 사실을 확인하였다.

Abstract

Because the characteristics of team process(i.e., communication, cooperation, conflict etc) are quite different based on the ways how to compose team member, the ways of team composition are very important for successful goal achievement. The results of previous studies showed that the relationship between team diversity and team performance are not consistent. That means various contextual factors affecting the relationship between diversity and performance may exist. In this study, we conducted case studies of consulting firms to find out the differences of team composition by different types of consulting service. From the case studies, we found that social category diversity are very similar regardless of consulting service types but dominant functional diversity and intrapersonal functional diversity are different based on consulting service types. In addition, type of flexibility and knowledge management strategy of the firm has an impact on the level of diversity in team composition.

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