조직의 리더십이 구성원의 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향 분석 - 위계적 선형모형(HLM)을 이용한 분석수준별 비교를 중심으로 -
A Study on the Effect of Leadership of the Organization on Employee Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment - a Focus on the Comparison of Approach to Levels of Analysis using Hierarchical Linear Model(HLM)
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초록
개인들로부터 수집한 자료를 총합(aggregate)하여 리더십을 측정하고, 동일한 대상들에게 수집한 개인의 태도나 행태의 자료를 측정하여 이들 상호 간의 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것은, 동일방법오류(common method variance)로 인하여 잘못된 추론이 발생할 가능성이 매우 높다. 또한, 이 경우 가장 문제가 되는 것은 분석의 수준이 다른 경우 기존의 회귀방정식이나 구조방정식(Structural Equation Model, SEM)은 조직수준을 담지 못한다는 점이다. HLM의 분석결과는, 조직의 변혁적 리더십이 구성원의 직무만족과 조직몰입에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이결과는 조직수준의 회귀분석을 이용한 결과와도 동일하다. 하지만 개인수준의 회귀분석과 구조방정식에서는 HLM의 결과와는 다르게 나타났다. 결국, 어떠한 분석방법을 사용하느냐에 따라 변수간의 인과관계가 달라질 수 있음을 시사하는 부분이다. 분석의 수준을 달리하는 다수준 자료인 경우 기존의 회귀방정식이나 구조방정식보다 HLM이 더 타당한 방법임을 보여준 본 연구는 조직 및 인사 분야의 발전에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Leadership of the organization on employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment using hierarchical linear model(HLM). Meantime, the general approach to the regression equation and structural equation model(SEM) has been used to explain the attitudes and behaviors of individuals. However, attitudes and behaviors of individuals within the organization are affected by the characteristics of the individual level as well as the upper levels of the organization. This case is not supported that the existing model includes a organizational level. Eventually, Leadership depends on the level of analysis issues. This study suggests that HLM enables overcome the methodological limitations from the existing model. In result of HLM Analysis, it appears that only transformational leadership of the organization has a significant and positive(+) effect on employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Regression analysis of the organizational level shows the same result. However, regression analysis of individual level and structural equation model bring about different result from one by HLM. Finally, a causal relationship depends on method of analysis used. It is very important to select the appropriate approach to the theoretical model and properties of the material in order to validate a causal relationship between variables. HLM is a better choice than regression equations and structural equation modelin case of the existing multi-level data. Consequently, this study is expected to contribute to development of the Organization and Human Resource.
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