호주 도로안전운임제의 내용과 시사점 - 한국의‘표준운임제’논의와 관련하여 -
The Content and Implications of Road Safety Remuneration System in Australia
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초록
우리나라 화물자동차운송업에서 ‘표준운임제’의 도입과 관련한 논란이 계속되고 있는 가운데, 호주에서는 도로운송업에서의 낮은 운임이 안전하지 않은 업무관행을 야기하여 결과적으로 국민의 안전을 위협한다는 문제인식 하에 2012년 7월부터 도로안전운임제를 도입하였다. 따라서 호주의 도로안전운임제의 도입배경과 도입내용을 체계적으로 살펴보고 우리나라에서의 도입에 대한 시사점을 찾아보고자 하였다. 연구결과 도로안전운임제의 적용대상이 운송계약체결자뿐만 아니라 화주를 비롯한 공급사슬참가자까지인 점, 기준이 최저기준을 적용하고 있는 점, 직접강제방식을 적용하는 점, 체계적인 분쟁해결절차를 설정한 점, 그리고 도로안전운임위원회가 정보를 상당한 수준으로 공개하도록 하여 숙의민주주의의 시행을 추구하고 있는 점이 한국의 표준운임제와 관련이 있는 특징으로서 나타났다. 이러한 점을 토대로 본 연구는 표준운임제와 관련한 시사점으로서 화물운송시장의 안정을 위해 적정수준의 직접강제가 필요하다는 점, 화물운송운전자의 안전 확보를 위해 운임뿐만 아니라 관련 노동조건을 표준위수탁계약의 내용으로 규정할 필요가 있다는 점, 단계적 도입에 대해 법에 명시할 필요가 있다는 점, 숙의민주주의의 시행 노력이 필요하다는 점, 노동기본권 보장이 우선되어야 제도의 실효성이 있을 것이라는 점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
While debates on the ‘Standard Freight Rate System’ have been continuing in Korea, the Road Safety Remuneration Act in Australia was imposed in 2012, based on the recognition that the lower remuneration causes unsafe work practices and threaten the safety of the people. Thus, we examined contents of the Road Safety Remuneration System(RSRS) in Australia and tried to find the implication for Korea. As a result, the distinctiveness of RSRS compared to the ‘Standard Freight System’ proposal of the government in Korea are as follow: it is applied to participants in the supply chain; it takes a minimum standard; its provisions are compulsory; it has a systematic process of a dispute resolution; and the discussion among interest groups around Road Safety Remuneration Tribunal being central point is open. Based on these points, we provided implications for the ‘Standard Freight Rate System’ in Korea: compulsory provisions must be needed for the stability in the road transportation industry; working conditions need to be included in the standard contract of consignment; the conditions of the phased introduction have to be specified in related provisions; effort to implement deliberation democracy that the discussion among interest groups is open is needed; and to ensure the effectiveness of the system, the basic rights of labor must be needed to be ensured first.
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