직무정서에 대한 변혁적 리더십의 영향과 조직효과성
Job Affect, Transformational Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 근로자가 경험하는 직무정서를 중심으로 변혁적 리더십의 영향력과, 직무정서의 효과성을 살펴보았다. 그동안의 정서 연구는 정서의 유의성, 즉 긍정정서와 부정정서를 중심으로 진행되어왔다. 그러나 정서는 유의성 차원뿐 아니라 고양된 정도를 보여주는 활성화 차원에 의해 여러 유형으로 나타난다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정서의 유의성과 활성화 차원을 고려하여 직무정서를 포괄적으로 구성하고 측정하였다. 직무정서의 선행요인으로는 직속상사의 영향력을 대변해주는 변혁적 리더십을 채택하였고, 정서의 효과성 변수로는 동기부여의 결과지표인 업무노력, 혁신성과의 지표인 창의행동, 그리고 부적 효과로서 조직과 직무로부터의 이탈의도를 선정하였다. 가설 검증을 위해서 구조방정식을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 리더의 비전제시는 작업장 내 긍정정서를 높임과 동시에 부정정서를 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 직무정서와 효과성 변수와의 관계에서는 긍정정서가 업무노력과 창의행동을 유발시키고 이탈의도를 낮추는 것으로, 부정정서는 업무노력을 저해하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 이론적 및 실무적 시사점을 제시하였고 향후 연구방향을 제안하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of transformational leadership on subordinates’ job affect and to investigate the effects of the affective states on work effort, creative problem-solving, and withdrawal intention. Following the affect circumplex structure, we measured the valence(positive/negative) and activation(energy expenditure: high and low) of affective states in organization. Therefore, job affect were adopted as variables: positive affect as enthusiasm, pleasantness, and relaxation, negative affect as nervousness, unpleasantness, and fatigue. Survey data collected from 397 employees in a Korean venture was examined by structural equation modeling. The results indicated that transformational leadership had influences on both types of job affect strongly. It was positively associated with positive affect, and negatively with negative affect. The results also showed that the relationships between job affect and organizational effectiveness varied by valence. Positive affect was significantly related with work effort, creative problem-solving, and withdrawal intention. However, negative affect was significantly associated with work effort only. It didn’t show statistically significant effects on other dependent variables. Based on these empirical findings, we discussed theoretical and practical implications for affect management, study limitations, and future research directions.
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