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역할과부하와 일-가정균형만족의 관계에서 가정 친화적 조직지원인식과 가정 친화적 상사지원인식의 조절효과

The Moderating Effects of Family-friendly POS and PSS on the Relationship between Role Overload and Satisfaction with Work-Family Balance

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키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

최근 일-가정 이슈에 대한 관심이 증대되면서 일-가정갈등을 중심으로 학자들의 연구노력이 지속되어 왔다. 일-가정갈등의 관점에서는 일-가정 이슈를 해결하기 위하여 업무요구를 줄이든가 혹은 업무여건을 개선해야 한다고 보고 있다. 궁극적으로는 일-가정 문제를 해결하기 위하여 기업들이 물리적인 환경을 개선해 주어야 하겠지만, 단기적인 측면에서 이러한 업무여건 개선이 어려우므로, 조직구성원들의 심리적 상태와 변화에 초점을 맞추는 방안을 모색해야 한다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구에서는 JD-R모형을 바탕으로 동일한 업무여건 하에서 조직구성원이 인지하는 심리적 요인이 일-가정균형만족에 어떠한 과정을 통해 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 일반적으로 구성원들은 실질적으로 가정과 직장에서 요구되는 역할을 성실히 수행함으로써 일-가정균형만족을 얻을 수 있다. 하지만, 현실적인 직장여건 속에서 두 가지 역할을 모두 성실히 수행하는데 어려움이 따른다. 이에, 실질적으로 두 역할을 성공적으로 수행해 내지 못하더라도 다른 어떠한 요인에 의해서 심리적인 만족감을 높일 수 있는 경우에 대해 생각해 보아야 한다. 이러한 측면에서 직무요구에 해당하는 역할과부하가 일-가정균형만족에 영향을 미치는 과정에 대해 가정 친화적 조직지원인식과 가정 친화적 상사지원인식이 어떠한 영향을 미칠 수 있는지에 대해 확인하였다. 이를 위해, 기혼 직장인 353명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 분석결과 역할과부하는 일-가정균형만족을 감소시키는 요인임이 확인되었고, 이들 관계를 가정 친화적 조직지원인식과 가정 친화적 상사지원인식이 조절하는 것으로 확인되었다. 하지만, 조절효과의 방향성에 있어서 JD-R모형을 통해 기대했던 바와 다소 차이가 있는 것으로 나타나 사회교환이론을 중심으로 이에 대한 추가적인 논의를 제시하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 본 연구는 일-가정균형만족의 개념적 중요성을 강조하고 가정 친화적 업무환경을 조성해야 할 필요성을 확인함으로써 기존 연구의 공백을 메우는 등의 학문적 의의를 가지며, 조직의 인적자원 관리의 측면에서 가이드라인을 제시하였다는 점에서 실무적 의의를 가진다. 마지막 부분에서는 연구의 한계점을 정리하고 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.

Abstract

With increasing interest in the issue of work and family in recent years, researchers have continued to make research efforts around work-family conflicts. In terms of work-family conflict, it is believed that the task needs to be reduced or the work environment improved to solve the work-family issues. Ultimately, companies should to improve the physical environment to solve work-family problems, but in the short bein, it is difficult to improve the working conditions, so we need to find ways to focus on the psychological conditions and their changes of the employee. From this point of view, this study looked at how psychological factors perceived by employee under the same working conditions affected their work-family balance. In general, employee can achieve satisfaction with work-family balance by performing their required roles at home and at work faithfully. However, it is difficult to perform both roles faithfully under realistic work conditions. Therefore, even if the two roles are not performed effectively and successfully, one should consider the case in which other factors can increase psychological satisfaction. In this respect, we identified the moderating effect of perceived family-friendly organizational support and supervisory support on the relationship between role overload and satisfaction with work-family balance. This research highlights the conceptual importance of satisfaction with work-family balance and identifies the need to create a family-friendly work environment to fill gaps in existing research, etc. At the end, limitations of the study and future directions for the study were presented.

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