참여적 리더십이 상사신뢰에 미치는 영향 - 상사능력과 부하 권력거리성향의 조절효과 -
The Impact of Participative Leadership on Leader Trust - The Moderating Effects of Leader Ability and Subordinate Power Distance Orientation
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현대 조직은 복잡성과 불확실성의 증가로 인해 전통적 위계적 리더십의 한계를 드러내며, 참여적 리더십에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 참여적 리더십은 구성원을 의사결정 과정에 참여시키는 것을 통해 동기와 몰입을 증진시키는 긍정적 효과가 알려져 있으나, 기존 연구에서는 이러한 효과의 일관성을 간과하고, 주로 긍정적 측면만을 강조하였다. 본 연구는 기존 관점을 확장하여, 참여적 리더십이 상사 신뢰에 미치는영향을 다각도로 분석하고, 특정 상황에서 이 관계가 부정적일 가능성도 함께 고려하고자 한다. 사회적교환이론과 동기부여이론을 바탕으로 상사와 부하의 특성, 특히 상사의 능력과 부하의 권력거리성향이참여적 리더십과 상사 신뢰 간의 관계를 조절하는지를 검토하였다. 219명의 설문 데이터를 활용한 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 참여적 리더십은 상사 신뢰에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 상사의 능력이 높을수록 이 효과는 강화되었다. 반면, 부하의 권력거리성향은 유의미한 조절효과를 나타내지 않았다. 이는 참여적 리더십의 효과가 상황적 요인에 따라 다를 수 있음을 보여주며, 리더십개발 시 상사의 능력을 중요하게 고려해야 할 필요성을 시사한다. 이 연구는 리더십의 효과를 상황적으로이해하는 중요성을 강조하며, 특정 상황에서 참여적 리더십이 가져올 수 있는 부정적 영향까지 검토하여실무적 적용 가능성을 높이는 방향을 제시한다.
Abstract
Modern organizations face increasing complexity and uncertainty, revealing the limitations of traditional hierarchical leadership and shifting attention toward participative leadership. While participative leadership is known for its positive effects, such as enhancing motivation and commitment by involving employees in decision-making processes, previous research has predominantly focused on its favorable outcomes, often neglecting its variability in effectiveness. This study broadens the perspective by examining the relationship between participative leadership and trust in supervisors in a multifaceted manner, also considering the possibility of negative effects in specific contexts. Grounded in social exchange theory and motivational theory, this research investigates how supervisor characteristics, particularly ability, and subordinate traits, such as power distance orientation, moderate this relationship. Analyzing survey data from 219 participants using hierarchical regression, the study finds that participative leadership positively impacts trust in supervisors, with the effect being amplified when supervisors demonstrate high ability. However, subordinates’ power distance orientation did not show significant moderating effects. These findings highlight the contextual nature of participative leadership’s effectiveness, underscoring the importance of incorporating supervisors’ ability into leadership development. This study emphasizes the need for a situational understanding of leadership effectiveness, providing practical insights for applying participative leadership while considering potential negative impacts in specific contexts.
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