순자의 合과 和를 위한 分사상

Abstract

The fundamental Confucianism was started from Confucius and its basic system was established at the time of Mencius. The one who opposed to the Good Nature Principle of Mencius and makes one thought from the various theories of all philosophers and scholars is Hsün-tzŭ. In spite of his a lot of ideological effects which have been transmitted to an after age, just because he insisted the Evil Nature Principle, his thought didn’t get the broad understanding from the scholars of an after age except for prejudice and distortion. He thought that sharing(分) is proper for justice(義) and the social harmony(和) is achieved when it is balanced, and he pursued the social harmony through the objective norms of courtesy(禮). These philosophical contents are shown at his theories of cosmos, human and society, and his ideological purpose is the gathering(合) through sharing(分). According to Hsün-tzŭ, to make the group(群) by setting a human position in nature is the human features and this group is sustained by the order of sharing politically and socially and sharing is maintained by the courtesy established by the late king. Hsün-tzŭ’s thinking of human’s behavior(作爲) to the sky(天), deception(僞) to the nature(性) and performance of politics and economics in status was the ‘Kingdom of Courtesy’ established by the order of sharing(分), and it was the world that Hsün-tzŭ was dreaming of. Thus, I think that it is right to understand the system of sharing and gathering as the basic frame of whole theories of Hsün-tzŭ. This research is to review the theories of Hsün-tzŭ from the point of sharing and gathering for the help of understanding his thought.