이익의 「중발(重跋)」에서 합리적 감정의 조건

Abstract

This study analyzes the content of Jungbal(重跋) in which Yi Ik affirms Shin Hudam’s theory that seven public feelings(公七情) are manifestations of principles(公七情理發說), and further examines the conditions for the establishment of rational emotions. In Jungbal, Yi Ik categorizes the situations in which the principle is manifested into prosperity(順境) and adversity(逆境). He defines emotions that manifest principle in prosperity as seven public feelings and emotions that manifest principle in adversity as four clues. His argument that distinguishes public and private feelings shifted the focus of the four-seven debate from principle and substance to public and private. This study also found that active interpretation of Jungbal enables extracting two conditions of rational emotion. The first condition is to adhere to the principle of ‘sharing the body and feelings together(共體同情)’, and the second condition is that rationality can be secured by obtaining social approval through empirical evaluation of the expressed emotions. In the previous debates, the rationality of emotions was justified based on the ontology of principle and substance. By dividing emotions into public and private, Yi Ik laid the groundwork for viewing the rationality of emotions as something that is secured by social approval.