의암 손병희의 시대인식과 근대 국가비전 및 사회개조의 변혁적 리더십

Abstract

Son Byung-hee was an anti-feudal leader, a religious leader, and a transformational leader who presented a vision. As a civilization and evolutionist, he revealed his ideas in the writings of 『junbisidae (準備時代, The Preparation Era)』. The book 『The Preparation Era』 contains "Preparation Era" s the text and “Hyangjachi(鄕自治) as an appendix.” The text presented how the state would achieve civilization and modernization at the policy level . And the appendix presented how to continue civilization modernization in the rural country society at the myeon level. He criticized the incompetence of government officials and compared the underdeveloped ones of the Korean Empire compared to the industrial development of the powers. In school education, he also pointed out non-professionalism and limitations, and pointed out inequality and restraint in the legal system and the collapse of the system due to bureaucrats. He also argued that the people should have the virtues of personality, spirit, tolerance, and sincerity as a way to improve these problems and move toward the modernization of civilization, and that the state should restore legal rights, railways, mines, and customs. Particularly noteworthy is that he presented the method of restoring the sovereignty of the Korean Empire and the accompanying theory of civilization transformation. His argument goes beyond simply advocating the theory of civilization as a transformational leader and presents a business vision of how to manage and manage the country. He presented the civilization as a rural autonomy, which takes place in the size of the local myeon unit. For local autonomy, it was suggested that as an organization, a resident-centered local association. it should be organized and a common person who operates it. and a local office should be established as a practical organization that implements autonomy. His theory of rural civilization was embodied in 11 submissions of local governments. It includes cadastral, family register, private economic activities, roads, tax collection, school maintenance, hygiene, conscription, property management, cemetery, and all public affairs. These 11 tasks were omnidirectional, from infrastructure, health and hygiene to security defense and residents' welfare, as well as the operation of social and economic basic systems for the autonomy of rural society. In each content, he had a leadership to modernize the civilization of rural society by developing and transforming the existing one. And through this, it was intended to achieve social stability and make the Korean Empire a civilized country.