EU DSM 저작권지침에서의 온라인 콘텐츠 공유 서비스제공자의 책임
Liability of Online Content Sharing Service Providers under EU DSM Copyright Directive
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EU는 오늘날 디지털 환경에 부합하는 저작권 법률체계를 개선하기 위하여 디지털단일시장 저작권 지침을 제정하고, 2019. 4. 15. 최종 승인하였다. 그러나 저작권으로 보호되는 콘텐츠 권리자의 정당한 권익을 보호한다는 취지에도 불구하고, DSM 지침 제17조는 2016년 제안된 이후(당시에는 제13조) 현재까지 많은 논란이 있어 왔다. 해당 조항은 이용자의 기본권을 침해하고, 저작권에 대한 제한 및 예외, 리믹스나 이용자제작콘텐츠와 같이 저작권으로 보호되는 저작물을 어떻게 이용할 수 있는가에 대한 명확한 규칙을 제시하지 못하면서, 온라인상에서 창조, 공유, 통신하는 방식을 상당히 제한할 수 있다는 비판을 받아 왔다. 또한, 이용자가 콘텐츠를 플랫폼에 업로드하는 경우, 플랫폼 기업들이 플랫폼에 업로드되는 모든 콘텐츠들을 검토한 뒤, 저작권을 위배했다고 판단되는 콘텐츠들을 필터링하는 것은 불가능하며, 오히려 적법한 콘텐츠들에 대한 필터링이 강화되어 창작의욕을 저하시킬 수 있다는 비판이 있다. 그러나, 지침 제17조는 플랫폼 내에서의 이용자들의 저작권 침해행위에 대하여 온라인서비스제공자가 제3자로서 책임을 부담하는 것에서 직접 책임을 부담하는 것으로 변경된 것은 온라인서비스제공자(OSP)의 책임 구조를 근본적으로 변경시킨다는 점에서 상당한 의미가 있으며, 큰 파장을 몰고 올 것으로 예상된다.
Abstract
EU has enacted the Digital Single Market Copyright Directive in order to improve the copyright legal system that is compatible with today's digital environment, and finally approved it on April 15, 2019. However, despite the intention to protect the legitimate rights of copyright owners, the DSM guideline Article 17 has been controversial since the proposal in 2016 (formerly Article 13). This provision violates the user's fundamental rights and does not provide clear rules on how to use protected works, such as copyright restrictions and exceptions, remix, or user generated content, has been criticized as being very restrictive. Further, when the user uploads the content to the platform, it is impossible for the platform companies to review all the content uploaded to the platform, and then to filter the content judged to be in violation of the copyright law. and the filtering for the legitimate content. Rather, there is criticism that the filtering of legitimate content is strengthened, which can reduce the creative desire of the creators. However, Article 17 has significant meaning as it changes the liability structure by directly assuming responsibility for the online service provider's liability from third-party responsibility for users' copyright infringement on the platform. A major change is expected in the content copyright industry.
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