现代汉语“X杀”结構中的类词缀现象考察

Abstract

Over the past ten years, with the rapid development of society and the continuous development of language communication, a large number of new words have emerged in modern Chinese. The development of quasi-affix structure can be regarded as an important manifestation of Chinese grammaticalization. Among them, these mantics of ‘sha(杀)’ tends to be in vain and its position is basically regular. In this paper, we analyzed the characteristics of quasi-aff ‘sha(杀)’ and ‘X杀’ family words on Grammaticalization, Position fixing, Vocabulary productivity. First of all, we list the original meaning of “Sha(杀)” in Shuo Wen Jie Zi, and then sort out the original meaning and basic meaning of “Sha(杀)” by combining with the dictionary of Chinese, the dictionary of classical Chinese, the dictionary of modern Chinese, and the dictionary of modern Chinese. The quasi affix “kill” is an extended meaning derived from the original meaning “to make someone or something lose their life” and the basic meaning “extremely deep” in the process of language change. The quasi-affix “Sha(杀)” means a certain factual state orbehavior is extremely deep and has a near-lethal charm. Then, we found the affixization characteristics of “Sha(杀)” are investigated from three aspects: semantic grammaticalization and generalization, fixed position in the structure, and the productivity. Last of all, we analyzed the grammatical structure and semantic attribute of “X” in the affix structure of “X杀”. According to the actual corpus, it can be seen that the two-syllable “X” occupies the majority of 88.6%, and the “X” component is used to modify the limiting headword “Sha(杀)”. The semantics of “X” also presents a unique consistency feature. The semantics of the “X杀” word groups are directly connected to a certain part of the human body, either its description or its implementation. This is the characteristic of the structure combination of “X杀”, and also reflects the singleness of word formation of “Sha(杀)”.