Variations in surface roughness of seven orthodontic archwires: an SEM-profi lometry study
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness (SR) of 2 types of orthodontic archwires made by 4 different manufacturers. Methods: This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 35 specimens of 7 different orthodontic archwires, namely, 1 nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwire each from the manufacturers American Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, All-Star Orthodontics, and Smart Technology, and 1 stainless steel (SS) archwire each from the manufacturers American Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, and All-Star Orthodontics. Aft er analyzing the composition of each wire by energydispersive X-ray analysis, the SR of each wire was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface profi lometry. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α < 0.05). Results: The average SR of NiTi wires manufactured by Smart Technology, American Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, and All-Star Orthodontics were 1,289 ± 915 Ao, 1,378 ±372 Ao, 2,444 ± 369 Ao, and 5,242 ± 2,832 Ao, respectively. The average SR of SS wires manufactured by All-Star Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, and American Orthodontics were 710 ± 210 Ao, 1,831 ± 1,156 Ao, and 4,018 ± 2,214Ao, respectively. Similar to the results of profilometry, the SEM images showed more defects and cracks on the SS wire made by American Orthodontics and the NiTi wire made by All-Star Orthodontics than others. Conclusions: The NiTi wire manufactured by All-Star Orthodontics and the SS wire made by American Orthodontics were the roughest wires.
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness (SR) of 2 types of orthodontic archwires made by 4 different manufacturers. Methods: This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 35 specimens of 7 different orthodontic archwires, namely, 1 nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwire each from the manufacturers American Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, All-Star Orthodontics, and Smart Technology, and 1 stainless steel (SS) archwire each from the manufacturers American Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, and All-Star Orthodontics. Aft er analyzing the composition of each wire by energydispersive X-ray analysis, the SR of each wire was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface profi lometry. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α < 0.05). Results: The average SR of NiTi wires manufactured by Smart Technology, American Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, and All-Star Orthodontics were 1,289 ± 915 Ao, 1,378 ±372 Ao, 2,444 ± 369 Ao, and 5,242 ± 2,832 Ao, respectively. The average SR of SS wires manufactured by All-Star Orthodontics, OrthoTechnology, and American Orthodontics were 710 ± 210 Ao, 1,831 ± 1,156 Ao, and 4,018 ± 2,214Ao, respectively. Similar to the results of profilometry, the SEM images showed more defects and cracks on the SS wire made by American Orthodontics and the NiTi wire made by All-Star Orthodontics than others. Conclusions: The NiTi wire manufactured by All-Star Orthodontics and the SS wire made by American Orthodontics were the roughest wires.
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