4차 산업혁명시대 창업교육의 방향성에 관한 연구: 창업교육의 유형별 중심
A Study on the Direction of Entrepreneurship Education in the Age of 4th Industrial Revolution: Focusing on the Effect of Entrepreneurship Education Types
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모든 것이 연결되고 보다 지능적인 사회를 지향하는 4차 산업혁명시대에 대학생들의 창의성과 도전정신을 제고하여 창업에 대한 긍정적 자세를 갖게 하는 것은 산업생태계의 건전성을 높이는데 중요한 요인이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 기존 창업의도와 관련된 연구모델과 청년들의 위험감수적 성향의 관계를 규명하였다. 더 나아가 기존의 강좌형 창업프로그램및 경연형 창업프로그램과 더불어 4차 산업혁명에 부응하는 창업교육형태에 따른 해당 모델의 영향효과를 파악하여 향후 우리나라 창업교육의 방향성과 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 위험감수성은 창업의도의 행동요인인 창업에 대한 태도와 창업에 대한 주관적 규범 그리고 창업에 대한 지각된 행동통제감에 있어서 모두 높은 영향관계를 갖고 있었다. 둘째, 창업의도는 계획된 행동이론의 틀로 접근하여 창업에 대한 태도, 창업에 대한 주관적 규범, 창업에 대한 지각된 행동통제감과 유의한 영향관계를 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, MakerSpace형 창업프로그램과 경연형 창업프로그램은 위험감수성과 창업의도의 영향요인들의 관계에서 창업에 대한 태도와 음(-)의 영향관계가 유의하게 존재함을 확인하였으나, 창업에 대한 태도와 창업의도와의 관계와 창업에 대한 주관적 규범과 창업에 대한 태도에 있어서는 각각 양(+)의 영향관계가 유의하게 존재함을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 연구결과를 바탕으로 시사점 외에도 향후연구의 방향성도 함께 제시하였다.
Abstract
In the 4th Industrial Revolution age, when everything is connected and more intelligent, the creativity and challenging spirit of college students should be positively promoted for entrepreneurship to play the important role of enhancing the health of the industrial ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the research model related to entrepreneurial intention and the risk sensitivity of young people. Furthermore, we suggested the future direction and implications of entrepreneurship education in Korea by identifying the effects that the three kinds of entrepreneurship education programs (i.e., lecture type, competition type, and MakerSpace type) have on the students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The results of the study are as follows. First, risk sensitivity had a strong influence on the behavioral factors of entrepreneurship intention such as entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms to entrepreneurship, and perceived behavior control to entrepreneurship. Second, entrepreneurial intention was influenced by entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms to entrepreneurship, and perceived behavior control to entrepreneurship in the framework of planned behavior theory. Third, experiences of MakerSpace type and competition type entrepreneurship programs had negative moderating effects in the relationship between risk sensitivity and the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention. However, these two programs had positive moderating effects in the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention and subjective norms to entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention, respectively. Finally, based on the results of the study, the implications as well as direction of future research were presented.
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