일본의 지역공동체에 있어서 시민참여

Abstract

The one of characteristics of Japanese civic movement is the growth of participant space by voluntary citizens, that is, the increment of civic resources through the participation to the public space. The main aim of Japanese civic movement is the citizen autonomy than social reform against the existing system. Therefore, the theory of Japanese civic engagement is focused on the spontaneity and autonomy than social reform or change. The civic engagement itself is not important and democratic. The better significant point is how to participate, and the influence of civic engagement. In this article, I approach the community of Japan circumstantially and positively in the case of Kunitachi on the view of civic engagement. Kunitachi is the one of the most pioneering self-governing communities in Japan. The purpose of this article is to investigate the ways and substances of civic engagement in the self-governing community by the case study. The civic engagement can be divided into two sides which are the side of movement and the institutional side. In the side of movement, I deal with the Machizukuri movement laying stress on the preservation of scene of Kunitachi, for instances, the designation movement of educational zone, the affair of footbridge, the lawsuit of Meiwa mansion and so on. In the institutional side, I survey the enactment process of ‘The Ordinance of Civil Participation’ tentatively named, the present station and patterns of civil participation in a municipal administration, the partnership between a municipal and NPOs.