EU 배터리 규정과 한국의 대응 현황 분석
EU Battery Regulation and Its Implications for South Korea
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초록
이 논문에서는 배터리 전주기에 대한 사회·환경적 책임과 지속가능성 및 안전성을 강화하기 위해제정된 유럽연합(European Union, EU) 배터리 규정을 살펴보았다. 이 규정은 EU 배터리 기업뿐만아니라 배터리를 EU에 수출하는 한국 기업에도 적용된다. 본 논문에서는 EU 배터리 규정의 입법배경, 구성, 목적과 주요 용어 정의, 적용 대상, 그리고 전기차 배터리와 폐배터리에 대한 사업자의주요 의무(물질 사용에 대한 제한, 탄소발자국 신고, 라벨링 및 표시, 배터리 실사, 폐배터리 관리, 디지털 배터리 여권 등)를 중심으로 분석하였다. EU 배터리 규정에 대응하기 위해 우리나라 정부가 발표한 「사용후 배터리 산업육성을 위한 법·제도·인프라 구축방안」을 살펴보았다. EU 배터리규정 연구를 통해 EU 시장에 전기차 배터리를 수출하는 한국 배터리 기업이 EU 배터리 규제에 선제적으로 대응할 전략을 준비하고 전기차와 배터리 시장에서 국제경쟁력을 강화하기 위한 배터리 법 및 정책 수립에 기여하고자 한다.
Abstract
This study explores the European Union (EU) Battery Regulation enacted to strengthen social and environmental responsibility and enhance sustainability and safety throughout the value chain of the battery life cycle. This Regulation applies not only to EU battery companies but also to South Korean battery companies exporting batteries to the EU. This paper provides an overview of the legislative background, structure, purpose, and definitions of key terms in the EU Battery Regulation. It also explored the key obligations of economic operators, focusing on EV and waste batteries. Important obligations include restrictions on the use of materials, carbon footprints, labeling and marking, battery due diligence, waste battery management, and digital battery passports. Finally, it addresses the South Korean government’s recent plan for the development of industries employing used batteries in response to the EU Battery Regulation.
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