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시진핑(習近平) 정부가 직면한 도전들

The Challenges Xi Jinping Will Face

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주제분류정치외교학

초록

이 논문의 목적은 시진핑(習近平) 정부가 직면한 도전들을 사회, 경제, 정치적 각도에서 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 통해 시진핑 정부 하에서 향후 10년 동안 중국의 발전을 가로막는 문제들 및 해결책이 무엇인지 진단하려 한다. 첫째, 빈부격차 확대는 어떤 면에서 공산당 통치의 정당성에 대한 심각한 도전인가? 시진핑 정부는 빈부격차 문제를 해결하기 위해서 무엇을 개혁해야 하는가? 둘째, 민영기업가의 영향력 강화는 빈부격차, 노사갈등 등 심각한 사회문제와 어떤 관계가 있는가? 민영기업가와 정부가 공생관계를 유지하며 사회문제를 해결할 수 있는가? 셋째, 시진핑 정부는 ‘중국식 민주’의 범위를 벗어나서 근본적인 정치개혁과 부정부패 해결이 가능할까? 넷째, 인터넷과 웨이보의 급속한 확산은 어떤 방식으로 중국정부의 언론통제에 도전하고 있는가? 시진핑 정부는 사회안정과 지속적 성장을 위해 노동자와 농민을 체제 내로 포용할 수 있는 근본적인 민생(民生)문제 해결책을 요구받고 있다.

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the obstacles that hinder China’s growth under the Xi Jinping government and to examine the solutions based on the following four focal points. First, how does the growing wealth gap pose a serious challenge for the legitimacy of the communist political system? What does the Xi Jinping government have to reform in order to resolve the problem of growing wealth gap? Second, what is the nature of the relationship between the growing influence of private enterprises and serious social issues such as growing wealth gap and labor disputes? Could the Chinese government resolve such social problems while maintaining a mutually beneficial relationship with the private sector?Third, is the Xi Jinping government able to go beyond the boundaries of “Chinese-style democracy” to undertake fundamental political reform and reduce corruption in the government? Fourth, in what ways does the rapid expansion of the Internet and Weibo (Chinese equivalent of Twitter) challenge the strict media control by the Chinese government? The pressure is increasing on the Xi Jinping government to provide a fundamental solution, which can embrace both the workers and the peasants in order to achieve social stability and continued economic growth.

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