교사의 학습기회가 교직신념 및 교수법 활용에 미치는 영향 분석
The Influence of Teachers' Learning Opportunities on Teachers' Beliefs and Teaching Skills
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이 연구는 교사의 교직신념과 교수법 향상을 위해 교사들이 어떠한 학습기회를 가져야하고, 이러한 학습기회들이 과연 어느 정도 효과가 있는지에 대한 실증적인 연구가 부족하다는 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 구체적인 연구문제로 우리나라 교사들의 학습기회 수준이 어떠한지 그 실태를 살펴보고, 교사의 공식적․비공식적 학습기회가 어떻게 교직신념과 교수법 변화를 이끌 수 있는지 분석하였다. 이를 위해 한국교육개발원의 학교교육실태자료 중 2007년 6,131명의 중학교 교사의 응답 자료를 분석에 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 우리나라 중학교 교사들은 지식을 획득하기 위해 교사연수와 같은 공식적인 학습기회 뿐 아니라 인터넷 활용, 동료나 친구와의 대화 등의 비공식적 학습기회를 상당부분 경험하고 있었다. 둘째, 공식적ㆍ비공식적 학습기회는 교사의 교직신념과 혁신적 교수법을 활용하는 데 직접적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 공식적 학습기회 중 ‘교육활동과 직접적으로 관련 있는 연수시간’이, 그리고 비공식 학습기회 중에서 ‘교육목표 공유’가 교직신념과 혁신적 교수법 활용에 가장 영향력 있는 변인이었다. 그리고 비공식 학습기회 중 ‘협력 활동’은 혁신적 교수법 활용을 이끄는 데 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 교사의 신념을 변화시키고 행동변화를 이끌어내기 위해서는 교사의 학습기회를 다양하게 제공할 필요가 있음을 보여준다. 공식적 학습기회는 교육활동과 직접적으로 관련되어 개발되어야 하며, 학교 안에서 비공식적인 학습기회를 활성화시키는 것이 중요하다. 특히 비공식적 학습기회의 영향에 관한 연구 결과는 우리나라 중학교 교사들이 동료교사와의 단순한 대화를 넘어서서 학교교육에 대한 목표 공유를 전제로 협력활동을 할 때, 교사들은 교직에 대한 신념을 변화시키고 수업역량을 발전시킬 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine 1) Korean middle school teachers' level of learning opportunities, 2) influence of formal and informal learning opportunities on teachers' educational beliefs and innovative teaching skills. The data used in this study were derived from the dataset of the 2007 middle school in Actual Condition of School Education by Korean Educational Development Institute, which comprise 6,131 teachers. The results show that firstly, Korean middle school teachers tend to use not only formal learning opportunities like teacher training but also informal learning opportunities such as using internet, conversations with peers as major methods of getting knowledge. Secondly, formal and informal learning opportunities influence teachers' educational beliefs and innovative teaching skills directly. Thirdly, 'training hours directly related to educational activities' is only meaningful variables among formal learning opportunities. The 'shared vision' is the most powerful variable about teachers' educational beliefs and innovative teaching skills in informal learning opportunities. And 'cooperation about educational activities' influences on innovative teaching skills. Based on these results of analysis , the conclusions of this study are as follows: Firstly, teachers' learning opportunities should be provided in different ways to teachers for guiding the change such as teachers' beliefs and teaching skills. Formal learning opportunities should be developed, which are directly related to educational activities. And it is important for informal learning opportunities to be encouraged in school sites.
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