교사의 테크놀로지 활용에 영향을 미치는 변인에 대한 메타분석
A Meta-Analysis for the Variables Influencing Teachers’ Technology Use
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본 연구의 목적은 교사의 테크놀로지 활용에 영향을 미치는 변인에 대하여 여러 연구 결과를 통합하여 체계적이고 종합적인 결론을 내리는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하가 위해서 국․내외에서 발행된 학위 논문과 학술지 논문 34편을 선정하여 메타분석을 실시하였고, 상관계수를 이용하여 효과크기를 보고하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사의 테크놀로지 활용에 영향을 미치는 변인에 대한 전체 효과크기는 0.218로 나타났으며, 이는 중간정도의 효과크기로 해석할 수 있다. 둘째, 변인군에 따른 상관효과크기는 심리 및 태도(0.279), 환경(0.248), 개인 배경(0.140) 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 개인 배경 변인에 따른 효과크기는 테크놀로지 소양(0.362), 테크놀로지 사용경험(0.250), 테크놀로지 연수경험(0.218), 나이(-0.083), 성별(0.038), 교육경력(0.025) 순으로 나타났다. 심리 및 태도 변인에 따른 효과크기는 테크놀로지에 대한 태도(0.318), 구성주의 교수신념(0.303), 컴퓨터 자기효능감(0.296), 자기효능감(0.224), 혁신성(0.201), 유용성(0.199) 순으로 나타났다. 환경 변인에 따른 효과크기는 기술적 지원(0.308), 행․재정적 지원(0.197), 사회적 지원(0.169) 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 중재변인에 따른 효과크기로 학위논문(0.270)이 학술지(0.196)보다 효과크기가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 출판연도에 대한 메타회귀분석 결과 최근 출판된 연구일수록 더 큰 효과크기를 보였다. 본 연구는 교사의 테크놀로지 활용을 촉진하기 위한 교사교육에 방향성을 제시한다.
Abstract
This study was carried out for the purpose to synthesize previous studies that have investigated the variables influencing teachers' technology use and lead systematic and comprehensive conclusions. To accomplish this goal, a meta-analysis was implemented for analyze research findings of 34 prior studies. And pearson r was used to report effect sizes. The results of a meta-analysis were as follows. First, the overall effect size of variables influencing teachers' technology use turned out to be interpreted as a medium size effect size(0.218). Second, the effect sizes of variables were presented in orders of psychology & attitude variables(0.279), environmental variables(0.248), and individual background variables(0.140). Third, the effect sizes of individual background variables were presented in orders of technology competence(0.362), technology experience(0.250), technology professional development(0.218), age(-0.083), gender(0.038), and teaching experiences(0.025). The effect sizes of psychology & attitude variables were presented in orders of technology attitude(0.318), constructivist teaching beliefs(0.303), computer self-efficacy(0.296), self-efficacy (0.224), innovativeness(0.201), and usefulness(0.199). The effect sizes of environmental variables were presented in orders of technological support(0.308), administrative and financial support(0.197), and social support(0.169). Last, the effect size of the unpublished journal papers(0.270) appeared to be larger than one of the published journal papers(0.196). And a meta-regression analysis for publication year, the studies conducted more recently indicated larger effect sizes. These research findings present a direction to teachers' technology professional development to promote the use of technology.
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