온라인 토론학습에서 의사소통 자기효능감, 인지적 참여, 연결정도 중심성과 인지된 학업성취도 간의 관계
The relationships between communication self-efficacy, cognitive engagement, degree centrality and perceived learning achievement in online discussion
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본 연구는 온라인 토론학습에서 의사소통 자기효능감, 인지적 참여(심층적 전략 활용, 표면적 전략활용), 연결정도 중심성(외향중심성, 내향중심성)과 인지된 학업성취도 간의 관계를 탐색하여 성공적인 온라인 토론학습을 위한 시사점을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 69명의 학부생을 7개의 팀으로 무선 할당하여 3주간 온라인 토론학습을 진행하였고, 자기보고식 설문과 사회연결망분석을 통해 데이터를 수집한 후 다중회귀분석, 매개분석과 부트스트래핑을 실시하였다. 상관관계 분석 결과, 의사소통 자기효능감과 연결정도 중심성의 내향중심성은 다른 변인들과 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않아 이후 모든 분석에서 제외되었다. 다중회귀분석과 매개분석 결과, 표면적 전략 활용은 외향중심성을 부적으로, 심층적 전략 활용과 외향중심성은 인지된 학업성취도를 정적으로 유의하게 예측하였다. 또한 외향중심성은 심층적 전략 활용과 인지된 학업성취도 간의 관계를 부분매개하고 표면적 전략 활용과 인지된 학업성취도 간의 관계를 완전매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 온라인 토론학습에서 학습자들이 심층적 전략을 활용하고 표면적 전략 활용을 지양하도록 독려해야하며 학습자 특성을 연구함에 있어 속성 변인과 관계성 변인들 간의 메커니즘을 이해할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study aims to explore the relationships between the learners’ communication self-efficacy, cognitive engagement(deep strategy use and surface strategy use), degree centrality(out-degree centrality and in-degree centrality), and perceived learning achievement in online discussion. Sixty-nine undergraduate students were randomly assigned to seven teams and they participated in a three week online discussion. Communication self-efficacy, cognitive engagement, and perceived learning achievement were measured by using a self-reporting questionnaire and degree centrality was calculated through NetMiner 4.0. After data collection, descriptive statistic analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and bootstrapping were conducted. However communication self-efficacy and in-degree centrality were excluded from the multiple regression analysis, mediating effects analysis, and bootstrapping because they have no significant correlation with the other variables. The results showed that surface strategy use negatively predicted out-degree centrality and deep strategy use and out-degree centrality significantly predicted perceived learning achievement. Out-degree centrality partially mediated the relationship between deep strategy use and perceived learning achievement, and fully mediated the relationship between surface strategy use and perceived learning achievement. Therefore, in online discussion, learners should make good use of deep strategy but also should be encouraged to avoid surface strategy use. Also, it implies that there needs to be an understanding of the mechanism between attribute variables and relational variables when researching the effects of learner characteristics in online discussion.
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