본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재후보

대도시의 새로운 불법(편법)주거를 어떻게 볼 것인가? - 저렴주거를 둘러싼 규제와 묵인의 역학 -

Discussion on New Illegal Housing in Big Cities of Advanced Countries-Focused on Dynamics of Control and Endurance for Affordable Housing-

0

조회

0

다운로드

19

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

전통적으로 불법주거는 무허가 정착지와 함께 개발도상국 특유의 현상으로 이해되어 왔다. 하지만 선진국 도시에도 기존 주택의 지하실을 개조하거나 상업용 건물을 주거용으로 바꾸는 등의 불법(편법) 주거가 상당한 정도 분포하고 있다. 서울 역시 판자촌이 재개발사업을 통해 사실상 사라졌지만, 쪽방, 고시원, 지하방 등 불량하거나 불법(편법)으로 개조한 주거가 다수 존재한다. 이들 주택은 새롭게 유입되는 이주 노동자들 뿐 아니라 청년 1인 가구나 노숙의 위험에 처한 빈곤층 등이 주된 고객이다. 절대적인 주택재고가 충분하더라도 부담가능성 측면에서는 적절한 주택이 계속 부족하기 때문이다. 따라서 이들 새로운 유형의 불법(편법) 주거에 대한 정부의 대응은 모순적이다. 주택시장 상황이나 민원, 재난 위험 정도 등에 따라 ‘규제’와 ‘묵인’을 반복하는 것이다. 서울시의 경우, 단기적으로는 재난방지 차원에서 제한적으로 대응하되, 장기적으로는 임대시장 상황과 주거복지 정책의 효과를 감안하면서 직접 규제와 간접 퇴출 정책을 적절히 혼용하는 것이 필요하다.

Abstract

Traditionally, illegal housing or squatter settlements are something peculiar in developing countries. In big cities of advanced countries, however, illegal housing exists in a large extent, most of which were converted from basement or accessory units. In Seoul, there are many new types of illegal housing such as cubicles, basement, and roof tops after the disappearance of traditional squatter settlements. These kinds of housing have been useful shelter for low income households and immigrant labors. Even though some cities may have enough housing stock, they are still lack of affordable housing for the poor. Therefore the response of the government to these kinds of housing is contradictory. The government reiterate control and endurance in accordance to the housing market condition and the disaster risk of the illegal structures. It is proposed for Seoul city government to control these kinds of housing in a limited area just for preventing disasters at the moment. More full scale control should be waited until housing affordability of the low income households will improve substantially.

참고문헌 (102)

  1. 고종옥, "불황에 뜨는 수익형 부동산: 고시원․준주택․도시형생활주택" (2010), 매경출판
  2. 국토교통위원장, "특정건축물 정리에 관한 특별조치법안(대안)", 의안번호5583, ~ (2013)
  3. 김수현, "선진국 자가소유 논의와 우리나라에 대한 정책적 시사점 : 주택점유형태 간 균형과 다주택 문제를 중심으로", 경제와 사회, (83), pp.258~283 (2009), 비판사회학회
  4. 김수현, "무허가 정착지 정책과 국가 역할: 서울, 홍콩, 싱가포르의 경험을 중심으로", 주택연구, 19(1), pp.35~61 (2011), 한국주택학회
  5. 김제림, "서울 사는 소득 172만원 4인 가구…임대료 40만원 지원", 매일경제신문, ~ (2013)
  6. 옥탑방, 필로티방(주차장 유휴공간), 베란다 등 양성화에 대한 건의(안), "박용모", 송파구의회, ~ (2010)
  7. 박재명, "불법 건축물 또 합법화 가능성", 동아일보, ~ (2013)
  8. 방성훈, "한국계 중국인 밀집주거지의 특성과 주거지 분화에 관한 연구 : 서울시 가리봉동과 자양동을 중심으로", 석사, 부동산학과, pp.2013
  9. 방성훈, "한국계 중국인 밀집주거지의 분화에 관한 연구-서울시 가리봉동과 자양동을 중심으로", 한국사회정책, 19(2), pp.39~68 (2012), 한국사회정책학회[DOI]
  10. 부동산 114, "서울 월세 세입자, 전세보다 1000만원더 낸다", 부동산 114 이슈분석, ~ (2013)
  11. 서울소방재난본부, "고시원, 비상통로 확대개선으로참사 막는다!", ~ (2008)
  12. 서울시, "서울시, 노숙인 임시주거 지원 사업 추진", ~ (2010)
  13. 서울시, "서울시, 침수지역 반지하주택 건축규제", ~ (2010)
  14. 서울시, "서울시, '14년까지 영등포 쪽방촌 295가구리모델링", ~ (2012)
  15. 서울시, "서울시, 고시원 안전 위협하는 건축행위차단한다", ~ (2012)
  16. 서울시 주택정책실, "서울시 임대주택 현황 및 정책", ~ (2013)
  17. 주거취약계층 전국 실태조사, "서종균", 보건복지부, ~ (2011)
  18. 소방방재청, "2013년 예방 소방 행정 통계자료", ~ (2013)
  19. 송윤경, "주거급여 3만원 인상 … 말뿐인 ‘맞춤형’ 기초수급제", 경향신문, ~ (2013)
  20. 이선화, "1인 가구의 주거실태 및 만족도에 관한 연구 : 군자역 역세권을 중심으로", 석사, 부동산정책전공, pp.2012
  21. 2020 서울주택종합계획 보고서, "장영희", 서울시, ~ (2011)
  22. 진미윤, "주택 바우처 제도 도입과실행을 위한 준비 과제", HURI FOCUS, 35 (2009), 주택도시연구원
  23. 차지연, "2012 겨울, 쪽방 - 노숙과 쪽방, 임대주택", 연합뉴스, ~ (2012)
  24. 통계청, "2010 인구주택총조사", ~ (2010)
  25. 주거빈곤가구의 주거안정대책에 관한 연구 : 지하주거공간의 주거환경과 거주민 실태에 관한 연구, "하성규", 대한주택공사, ~ (2005)
  26. 지하주거공간과 거주민의 실태에관한 연구, "한국도시연구소", ~ (2003)
  27. 홍인옥, "지하셋방의 현황과 문제점", 복지동향, 44, pp.40~45 (2002), 참여연대 사회복지위원회
  28. Andersen, H. S., "Spatial Assimilation in Denmark? Why do Immigrants Move to and from Multi-ethnic Neighbourhoods?", Housing Studies, 25(3), pp.281~300 (2010)
  29. Arbaci, S., "Ethnic Segregation, Housing Systems and Welfare Regimes in Europe", European Journal of Housing Policy, 7(4), pp.401~433
  30. Armaghan, S., "3 killed, 4 hurt in Woodside, Queens blaze that broke out in illegal basement apartment", Daily News, ~ (2009)
  31. Bramley, G., "How much extra affordable housing is needed in England?", Housing Studies, 20(5), pp.685~715 (2005)
  32. Report on the collapse of the building at 45J Ma Tau Wai Road To Kwa wan, "Buildings Department", Kowloon, ~ (2010)
  33. Poor Housing Conditions in Hong Kong–the Extent, "Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong", Distribution and the People Affected, ~ (2009)
  34. Camarota, S. A., "Immigrants in the United States, 2010: A Profile of America's Foreign-Born Population" (2012), Center for Immigration Studies
  35. Census and Statistics Department, 2006, Population Census - Thematic Report: Persons from the Mainland Having Resided in Hong Kong for Less than 7 Years, "Census and Statistics Department", ~ (2006)
  36. 2009, "10 Household Expenditure Survey", Census and Statistics Department, 2009
  37. Population Census - Thematic Report: Persons from the Mainland Having Resided in Hong Kong for Less than 7 Years, "Census and Statistics Department", ~ (2011)
  38. 2011 Population Census - Thematic Report: Household Income Distribution in HK, "Census and Statistics Department", ~ (2011)
  39. Quarterly Report on General Household Survey, "Census and Statistics Department", ~ (2012)
  40. Census and Statistics Department, "Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics", ~ (2013)
  41. Chan, P., "Subdivided flats, bedspace apartments and cubicle apartments" (2012), Press Release, Development Bureau, HKSAR Government
  42. Cheung, A. B., "Supply and allocation of public rental housing units and supply of Home Ownership Scheme units" (2013), Press Release, HKSAR Government
  43. Chhaya Community Development Corporation, "Illegal Dwelling Units: A Potential Source of Affordable Housing in New York" (2008), New York City’s Department of Housing Preservation and Development
  44. City of Calgary, "2013 Civic Census", ~ (2013)
  45. Dwan, D., "Subdivided Housing Issues of Hong Kong: Causes and Solutions" (2013), Hong Kong Institute of Education
  46. Elffie, C., "Malaysia Seeks to Deport Almost Half Million Illegal Workers" (2013), Bloomberg
  47. "How to Solve NYC’s Affordable Housing Crisis? Legalize Basement Units" (2013)[URL]
  48. Fair, F., "City is Moving to Fight Dangerous Illegal Housing" (2011), Uniformed Fire Fighters Association
  49. Galvez, M., "New York's Underground Housing", The Urban Prospect - Housing, Planning and Economic Development in New York, 9(2), pp.1~4 (2003)
  50. Gavron, N., "Boris Johnson's 2020 vision for London housing is myopic", Guardian, ~ (2013)
  51. Gross, S., "Illegal Subdivisions in New York City Targeted after Fire Deaths" (2011), Huff Post New York Real Estate
  52. Information services department, "Hong Kong : The Facts" (2012), HKSAR Government
  53. "The $80-a-Week, 60-Square-Foot Housing Solution That’s Also Totally Illegal" (2013)[URL]
  54. ITV, "Boris Johnson's affordable rent model threatened", ~ (2013)
  55. Jois, G. U., "Affordable Housing and Civic Participation: Two Sides of the Same Coin", BYU Journal of Public Law, 22, pp.1~42 (2008)
  56. Kemp, P. A., "Housing Allowances in Comparative Perspective" (2007), The Policy Press
  57. Loftus-Farren, Z., "Tent Cities: An Interim Solution to Homelessness and Affordable Housing Shortages in the United States", California Law Review, 99, pp.1037~1081 (2011)
  58. McRae, T., "Making room for affordable housing", Queens Chronicle (2013)
  59. Moroni, N., "Illegal Solution for More Housing? : Quest for Additional Affordable Apartments Tests Limit of Rules on Size, Light and Location" (2013), Crain’s New York Business
  60. Tent Cities in America : A Pacific Coast Report, "National Coalition for the Homeless", ~ (2010)
  61. New York City Rent Guidelines Board, "Housing NYC: Rents, Markets and Trends 2005", ~ (2005)
  62. New York State Senate, "Relates to establishing the crime of illegal conversion or alteration of real property", ~ (2013)
  63. NYC Buildings, "Buildings Commissioner Robert Limandri Announces Citywide Educational Campaign to Remind New Yorkers about The Dangers of Illegal Conversions" (2011), Press Release
  64. NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, "Housing New York City 2008", ~ (2008)
  65. NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, "Frequently Asked Questions about Occupancy of Cellar and Basements in One- and Two-Family Dwellings", ~ (2011)
  66. Özüekren, A., "Dynamics and Diversity: Housing Careers and Segregation of Minority Ethnic Groups. Housing", Theory and Society, 20, pp.162~171 (2003)
  67. Panel on Development, "Subcommittee on Building Safety and Related Issues, Updated background brief on building safety" (2011), Legislative Council
  68. Perine, J., "Making Room: Why Should We Care?" (2011), Citizens Housing and Planning Council
  69. Phillips, D., "Minority Ethnic Segregation, Integration and Citizenship: A European Perspective", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(2), pp.209~225 (2010)
  70. Porterfield, E., "Big City, Tiny Apartment: Small-Scale Living is New Trend in U.S", Reuters, ~ (2013)
  71. Pruijt, H., "Logic of Urban Squatting", International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37(1), pp.19~45 (2013)
  72. Rassel, J. V., "Landlords in Calgary discouraged by secondary suites red tape", Calgary Herald, ~ (2013)
  73. Rogers, C., "The illegal immigrants desperate to escape squalor of Britain", BBC News, ~ (2012)
  74. Sargent, C., "Cridge Park tent city from the perspectives of participants", 석사, pp.2007
  75. Security Bureau, "Legislative Council Panel on Security - Combating Illegal Immigration" (2009)
  76. Smart, A., "Sharp edges, fuzzy categories and transborder networks: managing and housing new arrivals in Hong Kong", Ethnic and Racial Studies, 26(2), pp.218~233 (2003)
  77. Society for Community Organization, "Photo Album of Cages", ~ (1993)
  78. Tanasescu, A., "Informal Housing in the Heart of the New West: An Examination of State Toleration of Illegality in Calgary", Newsletter of the Society for the Anthropology of North America, 12(2) (2011)
  79. Tanasescu, A., "Tops and bottoms: State tolerance of illegal housing in Hong Kong and Calgary", Habitat International, 34, pp.478~484 (2010)
  80. Transport and Housing Bureau, "Survey on Subdivided Units in Hong Kong", ~ (2013)
  81. Traum, R., "Clarkstown Board Continues Accessory Apartments Hearing", New City Patch, ~ (2012)
  82. U.S. Census Bureau, "2011 New York City Housing and Vacancy Survey", ~ (2011)
  83. U.S. Census Bureau, "2002 New York City Housing and Vacancy Survey", ~ (2002)
  84. U.S. Census Bureau, "2010 Census of Population and Housing", ~ (2010)
  85. Yeung, M., "A house subdivided", China Daily, ~ (2011)
  86. "Rent Direct New York"[URL]

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (14건)