양식어업 어장관리선에 승선하는 어선원의 안전사고 위험요인 분석
Analysis of risk factors for safety accidents for fisher onboard aquaculture fisheries management vessel
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초록
이 연구에서는 수협의 어선원 및 어선재해보상보험급여 지급명세서 및 베이지안 네트워크를 이용하여 우리나라 양식어업 어장관리선에서 발생하는 안전사고에 대한 정량적인 위험성을 분석하였다. 위험성 분석을 위하여 IMO에서 제안한 사상자 분석 절차의 위험 매트릭스를 이용하여 안전사고의 다양한 형태 중 높은 심각도를 가진 4가지 형태를 분석하였고, 이를 바탕으로 IMO의 FSA에서 제안한 위험성 분석 기법인 베이지안 네트워크를 이용하였다. 작업 과정 중에서는 조업이 항해 과정의 약 12.5배, 정비 과정의 약 2.7배, 하역 과정의 약 8.8배 높은 위험성을 나타내었으며, 사고 원인으로는 선체 및 작업환경이 어구 및 어업기기의 약 1.7배, 선박 기계 및 기구의 4.7배, 외부 환경요인의 9,4배 높은 안전사고 발생 위험성을 나타내었다. 발생 형태로는 넘어짐/미끄러짐이 끼임의 약 2.5배, 부딪힘/맞음의 약 3.5배, 떨어짐의 약 18.3배 높은 위험성을 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 작업 과정과 사고 원인의 조합에 따른 분석으로는 조업 과정에서 선체 및 작업 환경에 의한 넘어짐/미끄러짐이 조업 과정에서 어구 및 어업 기기에 의한 끼임의 3.9배, 조업 과정에서 선체 및 작업 환경에 의한 부딪힘/맞음 및 끼임의 6.5배 높은 위험성을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 양식장 관리선에서 발생하는 안전사고를 줄이기 위한 위험 제어 방안 도출과 비용-편익 분석을 통하여 최종 의사결정을 위한 기초 자료로 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the risk using data from 329 safety accidents that occurred in aquaculture fisheries management vessels over the recent five years (2018-2022). For quantitative risk analysis, the Bayesian network proposed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) was used to analyze the risk level according to the fishing process and cause of safety accidents. Among the work processes, the fishing process was analyzed to have the highest risk, being 12.5 times that of the navigation, 2.7 times that of the maintenance, and 8.8 times that of the loading and unloading. Among the causes of accidents, the hull and working environment showed the highest risk, being 1.7 times that of fishing gear and equipment, 4.7 times that of machinery and equipment, and 9.4 times that of external environment. By quantitatively analyzing the safety accident risks for 64 combinations of these four work processes and four accident causes, this study provided fundamental data to reduce safety accidents occurring in aquaculture fisheries management vessels.
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