다랑어 원양어선에서 발생하는 산업재해에 대한 정량적 위험성 분석
Quantitative risk analysis of industrial incidents occurring on overseas tuna fishing vessels
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초록
이 연구는 원양 다랑어 선망어선과 연승어선의 어선원에게 발생하는 산업재해의 위험성을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 2019년부터 2022년까지 보고된 선망어선 401건, 연승어선 77건, 총 478건의 산업재해를 베이지안 네트워크를 이용하여 분석하였다. 선망어선의 산업재해 발생 위험성은 질병에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 질병을 제외한 산업재해의 경우, 조업과정이 어획물 처리 중 5.31배, 선박 정비 중 2.05배, 적재하역 중 2.38배로 위험성이 가장 높았다. 선체에 의한 산업재해의 위험성은 어구에 의한 것보다 9.50배, 기계에 의한 것보다 4.59배, 어획물에 의한 것보다 3.61배 높게 분석되었다. 산업재해 형태 중 넘어짐이 가장 빈번하게 나타났으며, 부딪힘의 2.58배, 맞음의 3.74배, 불균형 및 무리한 동작의 3.94배 높게 분석되었다. 연승어선의 경우 대부분의 산업재해가 질병에 집중되어 있으며, 주요 발생 질병 형태로는 치아, 근골격계, 피부, 호흡기 질환이 분석되었다. 이 연구는 높은 위험 형태의 산업재해인 넘어짐을 줄이기 위한 저감 방안을 제시하고, 원양 다랑어 어선원의 질병을 예방하기 위한 건강관리 전략을 제시하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이러한 측면을 다룸으로써, 연구는 원양 다랑어 어업의 안전성과 지속 가능성에 기여하고자 한다.
Abstract
This study quantitatively analyzes risks of industrial incidents to fisher on overseas tuna purse seiners and long liners. A Bayesian network is employed to analyze 478 cases of industrial incidents, comprising 401 cases from purse seiners and 77 cases from long liners, reported from 2019 to 2022. The highest risk of industrial incidents on purse seiners is attributed to diseases. Excluding diseases, risks are the highest during fishing: 5.31 times higher during catch handling, 2.05 times higher during maintenance, and 2.38 times higher during loading and unloading. The risk of industrial incidents caused by the hull is 9.50 times higher than those caused by fishing gear, 4.59 times higher than those caused by machinery, and 3.61 times higher than those caused by the caught fish. Among the types of industrial incidents, slips are the highest: 2.58 times higher than industrial incidents caused by being bump, 3.74 times higher than those caused by hit, and 3.94 times higher than those caused by imbalance and overexertion. For long liners, most industrial incidents are concentrated in diseases, with dental, musculoskeletal, skin, and respiratory diseases being the primary types of industrial incidents identified. This study aims to propose reduction measures for reducing the high-risk form of industrial incidents, specifically slips, and to present health management strategies for preventing diseases among fisher on overseas tuna fishing vessels. By addressing these aspects, this study seeks to contribute to the safety and sustainability of the overseas tuna fishing industry.
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