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비대면 원격방식의 장애인 부모지원 국외연구 동향

Trends in Overseas Studies of Non-Face-to-Face Remote Support for Parents of Individuals with Disabilities

정소영|박지연|박인선
교육연구소 (CNU Research Institute of Education)|2021.08|교육문화연구 (Journal of Education & Culture)|제27권 제4호|pp. 589-612|DOI 10.24159/joec.2021.27.4.589

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참고문헌

키워드

장애Disability부모교육Family Support가족지원Parent EducationRemote Support비대면 부모지원원격방식Non-Face-to-Face Parent Support

초록

비대면 원격방식의 장애인 부모지원 관련 연구는 지리적으로 집합교육이 쉽지 않은 국외에서 주로 이루어졌으나최근 감염병 세계적 유행(pandemic)으로 인하여 국내에서도 비대면 원격방식으로 부모지원을 해야 할 필요성이 커지게되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 최근 10년간 비대면 원격방식으로 장애인의 부모지원을 실시한 국외연구를 분석하여국내에서도 그 필요성이 증가하고 있는 비대면 원격방식의 장애인 부모지원 방향을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여2012년부터 발표된 국외 학술지 논문 중 비대면 원격방식의 장애인 부모지원 실행을 보고한 24편을 선정하여 참여자, 연구 설계, 전달방식, 부모지원 내용, 코칭 사용 등의 변인에 따라 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 연구 참여자 자녀의 장애유형 면에서는 자폐성장애인이, 연령 면에서는 영유아와 초등학생이 가장 많았으며, 연구방법 면에서는 집단설계가단일대상연구보다 많았다. 부모지원의 내용 면에서는 자녀의 행동에 관한 주제가 가장 많았고, 일상생활과 부모의정서 관련 주제도 다루어졌다. 원격지원의 동시성 면에서는 비동시적, 동시적, 혼합형식의 다양한 시도를 찾을 수있었으며, 분석대상 논문의 반 정도가 코칭을 제공한 것으로 나타났다. 부모지원의 성과는 자녀의 문제행동, 사회·정서적변화, 부모의 지식과 기술 향상으로 범주화되었고 비용 절감 효과를 측정한 연구도 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의결과를 바탕으로 국내에서도 증가하게 될 비대면 원격방식의 장애인 부모지원에 대한 향후 연구 방향을 논의하였다

Abstract

Studies of non-face-to-face remote support for parents of individuals with disabilities have mainly been conducted abroad, where group education is not feasible because of geographical conditions, but the need to support parents in a non-face-to-face remote manner has increased in Korea due to the recent pandemic. The purpose of this study is to analyze research conducted in countries outside Korea regarding non-face-to-face remote support for parents of individuals with disabilities in order to identify future directions for non-face-to-face remote parent support in Korea. Twenty-four studies published from 2012 to the present were selected and analyzed in terms of participants, research design, delivery methods, contents of the support, and details of coaching. It was shown that parents of children with ASD and parents of children under 12 years old were the main participants of the studies. Regarding research design, group studies outnumbered single-case studies. The main contents of support were challenging behavior, children’s daily living skills, and parents’ emotion. Delivery methods included concurrent, non-concurrent, and their combination, and half of the studies included coaching. The outcomes of the studies were categorized under children’s challenging behavior and social-emotional change, parents’ knowledge and skills, and cost reduction effects. Finally, future directions of research on non-face-to-face remote support for parents of individuals with disabilities in Korea are discussed based on the results of the study.

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