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골격근내 PGC-1α 발현이 글리코겐 분해효소와 해당효소 발현에 미치는 영향

Effects of PGC-1α Expression on Glycogenolytic and Glycolytic Enzymes in Rat Skeletal Muscle.

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초록

지구성 운동 트레이닝은 장시간의 고강도 운동을 수행할 수 있는 능력을 증가시키는데, 이는 PGC-1α에 의한 골격근 내 미토콘드리아의 증가 때문이다. 그러나 이러한 적응현상은 장시간, 고강도의 활동이 필수적으로 요구되는 환경에서 생존의 이익을 주기에는 너무 천천히 발생한다. 본 연구에서 지구성 트레이닝 초기 더욱 신속한 탄수화물 대사 적응이 일어남을 발견하였는데, 지구성 트레이닝 초기 글리코겐 분해와 해당 효소의 발현 감소로 근육 내 글리코겐 고갈과 젖산 생성이 지연되고, 이러한 적응현상은 PGC-1α에 의한 것으로 나타났다. 즉 지구성 운동초기에는 PGC-1α에 의해 글리코겐 분해효소와 해당효소의 발현이 감소함으로 탄수화물 절약효과가 나타난다. 글리코겐 고갈과 젖산 생성이 근 피로와 운동수행 중단의 주된 원인임을 생각해 본다면 이러한 현상은 생물학적으로 중요한 의미를 갖는다고 할 수 있다.

Abstract

Endurance exercise training can induce large increases in the ability to perform prolonged strenuous exercise. The major adaptation responsible for this increase in endurance capacity is a PGC-1α-mediated increase in muscle mitochondria. This adaptation occurs too slowly to provide a survival advantage when there is a sudden change in the environment that necessitates vigorous, prolonged exercise. In the present study, we discovered another, more rapid adaptation, a down regulation of expression of the glycogenolytic and glycolytic enzymes in muscle that mediates a slowing of muscle glycogen depletion and lactic acid a ccumulation. This a dap tation, which also a p pears t o be i nduced b y PGC-1α, occurs i n response t o a single e xercise bout and is further enhanced by two additional daily exercise bouts. It is biologically significant, because glycogen depletion and lactic acid accumulation are two of the major causes of muscle fatigue and exhaustion.

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