장시간 탈진운동 시 골격근 수축 및 에너지대사에서 AQP3의 역할
A Role of AQP3 in Skeletal Muscle Contraction and Energy Metabolism during a Single Bout of Exhaustive Exercise
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본 연구는 AQP3 -/-(AQP3 유전자결핍생쥐)와 AQP3 +/+(야생형생쥐)에서 장시간 중강도 탈진운동을 실시하여 운동 수행능력의 차이를 조사하고 글리세롤과 관련된 운동에너지원의 혈장 및 조직 내 농도 변화를 분석하였다. AQP3 -/-와 AQP3+/+ 각각 16마리를 대상으로 트레드밀을 이용하여 10° 경사에서 최대 12 m/min 속도까지 증가시키면서 탈진할 때까지 장시간 운동을 실시하였다. AQP3 -/-의 조직학적 차이와 AQP3 단백의 세포내 위치를 알아보기 위해 넙다리뒤근, 긴발가락폄근 및 가자미근을 적출하여 면역조직화학 및 형광염색을 실시하였고, 장시간 탈진운동 후 운동에너지원의 변화를 분석하기 위해 혈장 및 조직 내 포도당, 당원, 중성지방 및 글리세롤 농도를 측정하였다. AQP3 -/-은 AQP3 +/+에 비해 넙다리뒤근의 직경과 무게가 감소되어 있었으나, 조직학적 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 운동지속시간은 AQP3 -/-가 현저히 낮았다. 운동수행 전 간, 근육 및 혈장 내 포도당, 당원, 중성지방 및 글리세롤 농도는 모두 AQP3 -/-가 유의하게 감소되어 있었으나, 근육 내 중성지방 농도는 오히려 증가되어 있었다. 장시간 탈진운동 후 간의 당원함량과 근육 내 글리세롤 농도가 AQP3 +/+에서는 감소된 반면, AQP3 -/-는 오히려 증가되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 골격근에서 AQP3은 지구성 운동 시 골격근 내 지방의 분해로 생성되는 글리세롤의 유출을 촉진시킴으로써 간에서 글리세롤을 이용한 당신생과정을 통해 지속적인 운동에너지원의 공급에 기여하여 운동 수행능력에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in the capacity to perform a single bout of exhausting exercise between AQP3 -/-(AQP3 knock-out mice) and AQP3 +/+(wild-type mice), and to compare the concentrations of glycerol and related metabolic parameters in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle after exhaustion. AQP3 -/- and AQP3 +/+ , 16 per each group, were exposed to a single bout of treadmill running at the speed up to 12 m/min with 10° incline until exhaustion. AQP3 -/- exhibited earlier fatigue and decrease in endurance exercise performance with shorter average time to exhaustion than the wild-type control. Both immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence staining revealed that AQP3 expressed at the cell surface. Although the longitudinal length and weight of hamstring muscle were reduced in AQP3 -/-, no significant histological difference was observed. At rest, the levels of glucose, glycogen, triglyceride, and glycerol in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle, were lower in AQP3 -/- than AQP3 +/+, intramuscular triglyceride level was higher in AQP3 -/-. After exercise, plasma and muscle glucose, muscle glycogen, and plasma and liver triglyceride levels decreased, whereas plasma and liver glycerol levels increased in both AQP3 -/- and AQP3 +/+ compared to those at rest. However, muscle glycerol as well as liver glycogen concentrations decreased after exercise in wild-type mice, but rather increased in AQP3 -/-. These findings suggest that decreased glycerol efflux from skeletal muscle in AQP3 knock-out mice might result in low exercise capacity due to the limitation in constant energy supply through hepatic gluconeogenesis from glycerol during the prolonged endurance exercise. Therefore, AQP3 may play a role in skeletal muscle fat metabolism and influence the endurance exercise capacity
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