이산화탄소 포집 및 저장(CCS)으로 인한 리스크 관리를 위한 법적 과제

Abstract

The risks associated with Carbon Capture and Storage are similar to those described in the previous environmental law area. First, there is a risk to the substance itself, the carbon dioxide stream. In addition, there is a problem of risk management for leakage of carbon dioxide stream in the process of collection, transport and storage and operation after storage. In other words, risk management due to CCS is an area where the complex factors such as the risk of the material itself, the risk of facility management, and the risk of the geographical characteristics of the area where the facility is located are overlapped. Therefore, it would be unreasonable to apply the existing risk / treatment standards in determining the risk management method for carbon dioxide streams. The purpose of storing and storing the carbon dioxide stream is not because of the high risk or difficulty of the material itself, such as radioactive waste, but because there is a separate policy purpose of collecting and storing the material in order to reduce the greenhouse gas. Therefore, rather than approaching the risk management of the material by defining the carbon dioxide stream as a simple pollutant or waste, it is assumed that the carbon dioxide stream should be collected and stored according to the purpose of the CCS. Although it is facility-based risk management, it is impossible to analyze and respond to various risks related to the installation and operation of CCS storage facilities. It is also necessary to appropriately disperse the relevant risk management by means and methods according to each statute. Risk assessment of substances, risk management of facilities to store and store them, as well as risk communication, are easy to overlook, but it is very important. The risk to the substance itself, the carbon dioxide stream, and the absence of geological information on the location of the facility to store the substance will inevitably create anxiety for the locals. In Europe, which is judged to be a preemptive response to CCS in legal terms, it is difficult to select the location of CCS facilities. The obstacles that cause such difficulties are lack of funds such as economic feasibility, collapse of CO2 prices, There is an analysis that the opposition of the local residents is more than the absence of political leadership. Risk communication is a two-way process of exchanging information and opinions among individuals, groups and institutions. Here, risk communication can be achieved with a variety of information on the nature of the risk, and strictly speaking, the process of accepting concerns, opinions, and responses to the legislation on related risk management, even if it is not related to risk.