CCS 관련 법적 쟁점

Abstract

Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage(CCS) is a method of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that affect the global climate by the process of capturing CO2 from burning fossil fuels, transporting(involves purifying and compressing) to the storage site and injecting it under ground permanently for isolation from the atmosphere. As a way to address climate change problems, in Europe, greenhouse gas emissions regulation and trading system, the tax adjustment etc. are being operated. These ways are access to address with policy. On the other hand, in the United States, Canada and Australia, the concept of CCS has been actively discussed to approach technical solution. By the 2014 worldwide, 55 large-scale integrated CCS projects are promoted. United States 19 cases, China 12 cases, European 8 cases, Canada 7 cases, Australian 3 cases ,the Middle East 2 cases, Asian 2 cases, South America 1 case and one case of Africa already are being actively conducted internationally. The 15 large-scale CCS projects now in operation globally, revealing a steady stream of projects demonstrating the technology in action around the world. The portfolio of operational large-scale CCS projects is expected to grow to 22 over the next 18 months or so, widening the range of countries, industries and technologies. This equates to a CO2 capture capacity of around 40 Mtpa. This portfolio of large-scale CCS projects is complemented by a cohort of notable pilot and demonstration projects across the world, some capturing and storing 100,000 tonnes or more of CO2 per year. Environmental laws related to the CCS have been studied worldwide. In the US, the president Barak Obama announced the Clean Power Plan of which gist is reduction of GHG emission by installation of CCS facilities at new power plants. The government of Republic of South africa has strived to institute CCS management guideline and legislation among the departments. Also Australian Government have almost reached the completion of secondary legislation which complement the 1st legislation enacted in 2008 for the Offshore geological storage. In the body below, the recent status of EU, ​​Canada, Japan and Norway was summarized. In terms of a lot of country all over the world have strived to study the technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions since The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Brazil 1992, the convention can be understood that implies a nature of technical agreement. If any countries can reduce the cost of technical realization beyond the securing of greenhouse gas reduction technologies through continuous technology development, it would leads the climate change era. So that, it is necessary to support actively for the technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially CCS. Above all, in order to establish the foundation of the CCS industry successfully, the regulations for safety of CCS technology should be enacted. Also, it is necessary for people to convert their consciousness about environment and CCS and to communicate between government and citizens.