정치철학 현실주의와 도덕주의 복합모델의 가능성
Political Realism and Moralism in Political Philosophy, A Possibility of their Composite Model
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이 글의 목적은 정치철학 현실주의와 도덕주의 복합모델의 가능성을 모색하는 것이다. 정치에 관한 규범적 논의인 정치철학에서 현실주의와 도덕주의는 나름대로 타당성을 가지고 있지만, 정치철학의 모든 논의를 다루거나 완성할 수 있을 만큼 각각 독자적으로 완전하지는 않다. 이러한 문제의식에서 출발하는 본 연구는 버나드 윌리엄스의 정치적 현실주의를 비판적으로 검토하여 복합모델의 필요성을 설명하고, 롤스의 정의론을 생산적으로 재구성하는 과정을 통해 현실주의와 도덕주의의 균형을 유지하고 양자를 적절히 조합함과 동시에 상보적인 관계를 설정하는 복합모델의 가능성을 탐색한다. 이 모델은 정치철학의 핵심 내용으로서 정치 공동체의 집단적 의사결정을 설정하고 그 결정 체계를 분석하는 논의의 틀 속에서 계발된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore a possibility of composite model that integrates realism and moralism in political philosophy. While both realism and moralism have their own validity in normative discussions of politics within political philosophy, neither approach is independently comprehensive enough to address or complete all the debates in the field. Starting from this critical awareness, the study critically examines Bernard Williams' political realism to explain the need for a composite model. It then attempts to find a model that maintains a balance between realism and moralism, combining and harmonizing both approaches. This is achieved by productively reinterpreting Rawls' theory of justice to establish a complementary relationship between the two. The model is developed within a framework that analyzes and sets up the collective decision-making processes of political communities, positioning this as a central concern in political philosophy.
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