오버리포팅의 원인과 감소방안 연구: 거짓응답 의심집단 분석
Analysis on Causes of Over-reporting of Voting and Ways to Curb It: Focusing on the Lying Suspicious Group
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초록
투표율 오버리포팅 현상은 설문자료의 왜곡을 가져와 연구자료의 질을 하락시키는 근본적인 문제를 일으킨다. 서구에서는 이미 다양한 실험연구를 바탕으로 투표율 오버리포팅 감소를 위한 연구가 진행되었으나, 한국에서는 여전히 오버리포팅 현상에 대한 고려가 초보적 수준에 머물고 있다. 본 연구는 선거관련 설문조사에서 나타나는 오버리포팅 현상을 줄이는 방법을 제시한다. 설문에서 사회적 바람직성의 부담을 감소시키면 상당한 수준의 오버리포팅을 줄일 수 있다. 오버리포팅 가능성이 의심되는 집단을 추정하여 이들의 특징을 분석해본 결과, 투표압력을 받을 가능성이 높은 집단에서 오버리포팅의 가능성이 높다는 것을 확인하였다. 젊은 층일수록 오버리포팅의 경향성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 실제 투표집단과 유사한 정도로 정치관심도가 높은 특징을 보였다.
Abstract
The problem of over-reporting in voting related surveys has been a concern of election studies. Since respondents who did not actually vote report that they voted, it may deteriorate the quality of survey data. Various experiments to reduce the over-report have been tried in the Western countries, but this topic has not been paid attention in Korea. This paper finds that similar experiment questions used in the previous works are effective to Korean respondents. We categorize the lying suspicious group and compare turnout rates in the 19th presidential election and th 20th congressional election with those from the National Election Commission. It turns out that the characteristics of actual voters and members of the suspicious group are different. Their political orientation is rather similar with nonvoters.
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