Comparative Analysis of PISA 2018 Science Achievement of High and Low Performers in Korea, Canada, and Taiwan
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This study identified the strengths and weaknesses of Korean high and low performersin science, comparing their performance with Canadian and Taiwanese students. Usingraw data from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), correctanswer rates were analyzed for the Competency and Knowledge dimensions within thePISA framework. Additionally, correct answer rates for each item were examined acrosshigh and low performers in the three countries. The findings are as follows. In Competencedimension, both Korean high and low performers showed a weaker evaluation and designof scientific inquiry and a stronger scientific interpretation of data and evidence comparedto the analyzed countries. In Knowledge dimension, Korean high performers and studentsas a whole showed stronger procedural knowledge, biological system, and Earth andspace system content knowledge, and epistemic knowledge. Item characteristics with highperformers’ lowest correct answer rate and low performers’ highest correct answer rateby analyzed country were as follows. Korean high performers showed difficulty in itemtypes with more than one correct answer and items that required epistemic knowledge toanswer the question. low performers showed difficulty solving familiar items with frequentlyencountered problem situations and had difficulty with items related to the ecosystem.
Abstract
This study identified the strengths and weaknesses of Korean high and low performersin science, comparing their performance with Canadian and Taiwanese students. Usingraw data from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), correctanswer rates were analyzed for the Competency and Knowledge dimensions within thePISA framework. Additionally, correct answer rates for each item were examined acrosshigh and low performers in the three countries. The findings are as follows. In Competencedimension, both Korean high and low performers showed a weaker evaluation and designof scientific inquiry and a stronger scientific interpretation of data and evidence comparedto the analyzed countries. In Knowledge dimension, Korean high performers and studentsas a whole showed stronger procedural knowledge, biological system, and Earth andspace system content knowledge, and epistemic knowledge. Item characteristics with highperformers’ lowest correct answer rate and low performers’ highest correct answer rateby analyzed country were as follows. Korean high performers showed difficulty in itemtypes with more than one correct answer and items that required epistemic knowledge toanswer the question. low performers showed difficulty solving familiar items with frequentlyencountered problem situations and had difficulty with items related to the ecosystem.
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