미국의 군사적 영향력 확대와 러시아의 대응 - 남 카프카스를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The Putin administration has been restraining extension of the military influence of USA in the South Caucasus from 2005. The extension of the military influence of USA in the South Caucasus is considered as serious threatening measure to Russia Especially, A south belt of Russia . In particular concerning the energy security is the international agenda that the United States and Russia even NATO have expressed their concern about threats to energy security. The Caucasian share of global oil and gas reserves is not considerable. However, in light of the uncertainty over the reliability of Persian Gulf supplies, as well as the possibility that Russia may use energy delivery as a power tool, the transport of Caspian and Central Asian (Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan) energy supplies to the West via the Caucasus has gained vital importance. Instability in the South Caucasus is a threat to European Union (EU) security. Geographic proximity, energy resources, pipelines and the challenges of international crime and trafficking make stability in the region a clear EU interest. The separatist regions in Georgia -- Abkhazia and South Ossetia -- have become areas of the major players’ interests in the region. at regional and global levels, countries and organizations are involved in a struggle for power and energy security Considering that the military power of the U.S., N.A.T.O., Russia and the C.S.T.O. and the regional maritime task forces are assigned to energy security in this region, the conclusion seems valid that in the near future the combination of military and energy will constitute the major instruments of the military power in the South Caucasus. Russia has used the conflicts as political leverage with the West. the reaction in Moscow to the possibility of US rapid reaction forces in the Caucasus and Central Asia has so far been restrained.