현상학과 철학상담 - 행복 수업을 위한 철학상담의 방법론 모색 -

Abstract

This paper examines the methodology of phenomenological philosophy counseling in relation to phenomenology itself and suggests how this methodology can be applied to philosophical group counseling. The phenomenological approach to philosophical counseling aims to understand the nature of the client’s experiences. An individual’s existential experience is structured in one’s own consciousness by his or her particular natural make-up. Philosophical counseling reveals the essential structure of experience as it is variously embodied in the phenomenological self-consciousness. Through the nature of the client’s phenomenological self-experience, he or she seeks a path of self-healing by securing and understanding the inherent meaning of that experience. Philosophical counseling then helps the client to approach the nature of his or her situation by temporarily stopping judgment and placing him/her in parentheses, as it were. It helps a person approach the solution of the problem through this awareness. Ultimately, philosophical counseling is a creative attempt to understand and interpret the past experiences of the client based on the phenomenological description of those experiences and help the client re-experience them. This paper suggests a theoretical basis for changing the client’s attitude in terms of his or her view of the world or situation by helping the client gain new perspectives and insights. The application of the phenomenological method of philosophical counseling is based on describing the ‘subjective experience’ of the client as ‘objective’. By reviewing the process in three stages, the present paper aims to expand the methodological horizon of the counselor him/herself so as to increase his or her ability to help the client’s self-understanding.