핵억지 형성기 최초의 전쟁으로서 6ㆍ25전쟁과 미국의 핵전략
The Korean War and U.S. Nuclear Strategy in the Formative Years of Nuclear Deterrence
0
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 글은 트루먼과 아이젠하워 행정부 시기 미국의 핵전략 변화와 지속성을 6․25전쟁과 미국 핵전략 간의 연관성 속에서 파악하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이 글에서 다루게 될 세 가지 핵심적인 질문은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 6․25전쟁 이전 트루먼 행정부의 핵전략은 무엇이었는가? 둘째, 6․25전쟁 당시 핵무기 사용에 관한 트루먼 행정부와 아이젠하워 행정부의 입장은 무엇이었으며, 결국 핵무기가 사용되지 않았던 이유는 무엇인가? 셋째, 6․25전쟁이 아이젠하워 행정부의 대량보복전략에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤고, 이후 대량보복전략은 한반도에 어떠한 영향을 가져왔는가? 이러한 질문들을 통해 핵억지 개념 형성기의 중요한 사건이었던 6․25전쟁이 그 이전의 미국 핵전략으로부터 어떠한 영향을 받았으며, 그리고 다시 6․25전쟁 이후 미국의 핵전략 수립에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는가를 살펴보고자 한다.
Abstract
This study purports to examine the change and continuity in U.S. nuclear strategy during the period between the Truman and Eisenhower Administrations with special emphasis on the connection between the Korean War and U.S. nuclear strategy. Three central questions of this study are as follows. First of all, what was the nature of the Truman Administration’s nuclear strategy before the Korean War? Secondly, what were the positions of the Truman and Eisenhower Administrations on the use of nuclear weapons and what were the main reasons for the non-use of the nuclear weapons during the Korean War? Thirdly, what impact did the Korean War have on the emergence of the Massive Retaliation Strategy? And what impact did the strategy have on the Korean peninsula subsequently. In answering these questions, this study seeks to highlight the reciprocal relationship between U.S. nuclear strategy and the Korean War, as one of the most crucial events in the formative years of nuclear deterrence.
참고문헌 (41)
- 김명섭, "한국전쟁이 냉전체제의 구성에 미친 영향", 국제정치논총, 43(1), pp.115~133 (2003), 한국국제정치학회
- 서재정, "50년도넘은‘북핵위기’", 한겨레신문(4월29일), ~ (2005)
- 신성택, "신성택의북핵리포트" (2009), 뉴스한국
- 이삼성, "세계와미국: 20세기의반성과21세기의전망" (2001), 한길사
- 이재봉, "남한의 핵무기 배치와 북한의 핵무기 개발: 한반도의 비핵화를 위하여", 평화학연구, 9(3), pp.27~48 (2008), 사단법인 한국평화연구학회
- 이춘근, "북한핵의문제: 발단, 협상과정, 전망" (1995), 세종연구소
- 정성화, "미국의 대소 핵정책: 트루만, 아이젠하워 시대", 미국사연구, 9, pp.183~223 (1999)
- 한창식, "냉전시 미 러의 핵전략", 국가전략, 16(2), pp.209~242 (2010)
- Betts, Richard K, "Nuclear Blackmail and Nuclear Balance" (1987), The Brookings Institution
- Brodie, Bernard, "The Absolute Weapon: Atomic Power and WorldOrder" (1946), Harcourt, Brace and Company
- Brodie, Bernard, "Strategy in the Missile Age" (1959), Princeton UniversityPress
- Brodie, Bernard, "War & Politics" (1973), Macmillan
- Bundy, McGeorge, "Danger and Survival: Choices About the Bomb in theFirst Fifty Years" (1988), Vintage Books
- Calingaert, Daniel, "Nuclear Weapons and the Korean War", The Journalof Strategic Studies, 11(2), pp.177~202 (1988)
- Cumings, Bruce, "Child of Conflict: The Korean-American Relationship,1943-1953" (1983), University of Washington Press
- Cumings, Bruce, "North Korea: Another Country" (2004), New Press
- Cumings, Bruce, "Korea’s Place in the Sun: A Modern History" (2005), W.W. Norton
- Dingman, Roger, "Atomic Diplomacy During the Korean War", International Security, 13(3), pp.50~91 (1988)
- Feaver, Peter D, "Guarding the Guardians: Civilian Control of NuclearWeapons in the United States" (1992), Cornell University Press
- Freedman, Lawrence, "The First Two Generations of Nuclear Strategists, In Makers of Modern Strategy from Machiavelli to theNuclear Age", pp.735~778 (1986), Princeton University Press
- Freedman, Lawrence, "The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy" (2003), Palgrave Mcmillan
- Gaddis, John Lewis, "The Origins of Self-Deterrence: The United Statesand the Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons, In The Long Peace: Inquiries into the History of the Cold War", pp.104~146 (1987), Oxford University Press
- Gaddis, John Lewis, "We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History" (1997), OxfordUniversity Press
- Gaddis, John Lewis, "The Cold War: A New History" (2005), Penguin Books
- Gaddis, John Lewis, "Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of PostwarAmerican National Security Policy" (2005), Oxford University Press
- Gentile, Gian P, "How Effective Is Strategic Bombing?: Lessons Learned fromWorld War II to Kosovo" (2001), New York University Press
- George, Alexander L, "Deterrence in American ForeignPolicy: Theory and Practice" (1974), Columbia University Press
- Halliday, Jon, "Korea: The Unknown War" (1988), Viking
- Harrison, Selig S, "Korean Endgame: A Strategy for Reunification and U.S.Disengagement" (2002), Princeton University Press
- Hong, Yong-Pyo, "State Security and Regime Security: President SyngmanRhee and the Insecurity Dilemma in South Korea, 1953-60" (2000), Macmillan Press
- Jackson, Michael Gordon, "Beyond Brinkmanship: Eisenhower, NuclearWar Fighting, and Korea, 1953-1968", Presidential Studies Quarterly, 35(1), pp.52~75 (2005)
- Jervis, Robert, "The Impact of the Korean War on the Cold War", Journalof Conflict Resolution, 24(4), pp.563~592 (1980)
- LaFeber, Walter, "America, Russia, and the Cold War, 1945-2002" (2002), McGraw-Hill
- Mazarr, Michael J, "North Korea and the Bomb: A Case Study in Nonproliferation" (1995), St. Martin’s Press
- McMahon, Robert, "The Cold War: A Very Short Introduction" (2003), Oxford University Press
- Nitze, Paul H, "Atoms, Strategy and Policy", Foreign Affairs, 34(2), pp.187~198 (1956)
- Pape, Robert A, "Bombing to Win: Air Power and Coercion in War" (1996), Cornell University Press
- Paul, T.V, "The Traditions of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons" (2009), StanfordUniversity Press
- Rosenberg, David Alan, "The Origins of Overkill: Nuclear Weapons andAmerican Strategy, 1945-1960", International Security, 7(4), pp.3~71 (1983)
- Tannenwald, Nina, "The Nuclear Taboo: The United States and the Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons Since 1945" (2007), Cambridge UniversityPress
- Waltz, Kenneth N, "More May Be Better, In The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate Renewed", pp.3~45 (2003), W.W. Norton