식민지기 公的空間의 등장과 公會堂

Abstract

Gonghoidang(Public Hall) was appeared as a typical public sphere in 'Colonial Modernity' during the colonial period of Korea. It was a multi-purpose space in which commemorations of various kinds were held such as everyday rituals, cultural events, socio-political rallies and etc. Through these functions, it began to be settled as a important social form in colonial Korea. Especially, it was a symbol of representation of the totality. As it were, Gonghoidang was a analogy of society which was assumed as not the simple collection of individual but the whole that individual was arranged as a part of it. Thus, it was a influential mediation space of the social formation. Gonghoidang, as a social form, was related with the formation of subject. One of the main aspect of it was discipline and it was a space in which individual or uncivilized person had to be public or civilized. The mass of colonial Korea had to learn modern discipline through the experience of placeness in Gonghoidang. Generally speaking, it seemed that modern society was based on the principle of individual freedom. But if that principle was pursued extremely by the people in society, there would be no stable society in the world. It was, therefore, indispensable to reterritorialize individual. In this process, Gong(public), meant the whole, played a leading role. The Japanese colonial power was an outstanding subject in Gonghoidang. The colonizer intended to represent their capacity to rule and develop colonial Korea. It was the tower of Buminkwan(Citizen Hall) that the modernity of technology made by the colonizer was represented. It had to be intermingled with the cultural practice of the colonized. The modern culture of colonial Korea was formed in the negotiation between the colonized and the colonizer. And the Gonghoidang was it's spatial stage. There were, however, so many conflicts and chasms in Gonghoidang. One of them was a contradiction between the colonized and the colonizer. That conflicts were represented through various events which were held in Gonghoidang. Secondly, it was a crosssng between esene inteween ual and mass, civilization and barbarism, advanced world and degenerated Korea. The masses who were ism, advancespectator or audience should listen and seeancesppectacle of modernity performed by the colonizer and elite intellectuals. At last, inviting the masses as a quest into the Gonhoidang, master of it was a real subject of modern world.