영국과 유럽통합: EU 사회정책과 영국의 對 EU 정책의 변화와 연속성
EU Social Policy and Party Politics in the UK
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마가렛 대처 수상과 존 메이저 수상이 이끌던 영국 보수당 정권 하에서 영국 정부는EU 사회정책에 대해 노골적인 반대 입장을 표명하였다. 하지만 노동당으로 정권 교체가이루어진 후 영국 정부는 EU 사회정책에 대해 보다 유연한 입장을 취하게 된다. 이러한변화는 영국 보수당과 노동당의 이념적 차이에 따른 것일 수도 있으나, EU 사회정책에 대한 보수당 정권의 반대와 노동당 정권의 지지가 항상 일관적이지는 않았다는 점에서 보다정교한 분석으로 요한다. 본 연구에서는 EU 사회정책에 대한 영국 정부의 입장은 EU 사회정책의 수용이 영국의 산업경쟁력에 미치는 영향과 집권 정당의 정치적 득실에 대한 파급효과에 대한 인식에 따라 좌우된다는 대안적 설명을 제시한다.
Abstract
The UK governments during the Conservative rule under Margaret Thatcher and John Major had vehemently opposed to the expansion of EU competence in social policy area. The mood had changed after the Labor came into power and the UK government's position toward EU social dimension has gotten much more flexible and accommodating. While the explanation that ideological differences between the two major parties in the UK accounts for such changes may appear plausible,inconsistencies in the Tory's hostility to and the Labor's support for the EU social policy requires more scrutiny. This study proposes an alternative analytical framework that incorporates the UK government's concern about the impact of EU social policy on industrial competitiveness and on the electoral prospects of the ruling party.
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