유럽과 아프리카의 화해의 부재:힘과 이익, 규범과 제도, 관념과 정체성
Lack of Reconciliation between Europe and Africa: Power and Interests, Norms and Institutions, Ideas and Identity
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영국과 프랑스를 비롯한 유럽 국가들은 식민통치 기간 아프리카 국가들에게 크나큰 인적, 물적 고통을 가져다주었으며 그 유산은 지금도 지속되고 있으나 유럽은 아프리카에대해 반성과 사과, 그리고 화해를 시도한 적이 없다. 현실주의, 자유주의, 구성주의 국제정치이론은 유럽과 아프리카 간의 화해의 부재 상태를 설명할 수 있는 단초를 제공한다. 이들 이론으로부터 화해가 시도되지 않고 있는 것은 양자 간 힘의 격차, 상호의존관계의 비대칭성, 국제규범과 국제기구의 부재, 당사국들의 국내정치 등이 그 요인이라는 가설이 추론될 수 있다. 아울러 아프리카에서의 중국의 영향력 확대, 아프리카 국가들의 민주화 추세 등은 향후 유럽-아프리카 관계에 근본적인 변화를 불러올 수 있을 것으로 전망된다
Abstract
Having inflicted huge and enduring human and material costs on African countries, France, Britain, and other European colonial powers have not expressed any remorse and taken responsibility for the sufferings of African people, let alone giving apology or attempting reconciliation. Drawing on major international relations theories including realism, liberalism and constructivism, a few hypotheses about the conditions under which reconciliation between the colonial powers and the former colonies becomes (im)possible. The level of power disparity, the severity of asymmetry in interdependence, the lack of international norms and institutions enforcing perpetrators to apologize for their wrong-doings, and unfavorable domestic political environments seem to be responsible for the dearth of attempted reconciliation between Europe and Africa. The rise of China's influence in Africa and the democratization in many of the African countries may turn the tide in favor of former colonies pressuring European powers to rethink their relationship with Africa.
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