폴리그라 비교질문검사의 타당성: fMRI 연구
Validity of the Comparison Question Test: An fMRI Study
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비교질문 검사의 논리 가정은 유죄인 조사상자는 비교질문보다 련질문에 주의를 더 기울이고 무죄인 조사상 자는 련질문보다 비교질문에 주의를 더 기울인다는 것이다. 본 연구는 기능자기공명상(fMRI)을 이용하여 비교질 문검사의 논리 타당성을 검증하다. 이를 하여 실험참여자에게 모의 범죄를 수행하도록 한 후 유죄조건과 무죄조건 에서 비교질문검사를 실시하면서 뇌 반응을 측정하다. 뇌 상을 촬한 후에는 련질문과 비교질문에 ‘아니오’라고 응답하는 것이 얼마나 심리으로 부담되는지를 평가하도록 하다. 행동 반응 결과, 유죄조건에서 비교질문보다 련질 문에 ‘아니오’라고 응답하는 것이 더 부담이 되는 것으로 나타났고 무죄조건에서는 두 질문 유형 간에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 뇌 반응 결과, 유죄조건에서는 비교질문에 비해 련질문이 제시되었을 때 우측 상측두회와 우측 하두회에서 더 큰 활성화가 찰되었다. 그러나 무죄조건 분석 결과 질문유형에 따른 뇌 역 활성화 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 근거하여 유죄조건과 무죄조건에 한 비교질문검사의 논리 가정을 논의하다.
Abstract
The logical assumption of the comparison question test (CQT) is that the guilty person pays more attention to the relevant questions than to the comparison questions, and that the innocent person pays more attention to the comparison questions than to the relevant questions. The purpose of this study was to verify the logic of the comparison question test using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants were tested for brain responses during a mock crime and performed the CQT under guilty and innocent conditions. After brain imaging, we evaluated the psychological burden of responding to the relevant questions and comparison questions. In the guilty conditions, the degree of burden was higher for the relevant questions than the comparison questions, and there was no significant difference in the innocent conditions. The fMRI results showed that, in the guilty conditions, greater activation was observed in the right superior temporal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus when relevant questions were presented relative to comparison questions. Based on these findings, the logical assumption of the CQT was discussed.
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