리스본조약 체결 이후 신커미톨로지(실행입법)의 의미
The Meaning of the Comitology after Treaty of Lisbon
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커미톨로지는 회원국관료와 유럽위원회간 협력을 통해 정책을 결정하는 오래된 정책결정 방식으로 공동체 방식과 정부간 조정방식이 갖는 단점을 보완한 융합적 정책과정이다. 즉 회원국은 입법의 목적을 설정하고, 내용을 결정한다면, 유럽위원회는 신속하고일관된 입법집행을 위해 유럽위원회에게 입법실행에 요구되는 부수적 조치에 대한 제정권한을 위임한 것이다. 또한 커미톨로지는 공동결정 및 자문절차 등과 같이 조약에 명기되어 실행된 것은 아니며, 유럽연합의 발전과 더불어 점증하는 유럽위원회의 기능에대한 감독 필요성에 의해 생성되었다. 이러한 태생으로 커미톨로지는 초국가화된 제도적 시스템이며, 동시에 초국가기구에 대한 회원국의 통제라는 복합적 구조를 갖는다. 이러한 유럽위원회와 회원국간 합의중심의 구조적 특징은 리스본조약 체결 이후 신커미톨로지 절차에서 더욱 강화되었다. 이 결과 신커미톨로지 절차에서는 일반입법절차(OLP) 와는 달리 유럽의회의 직접적 개입은 제약되며 이점은 신커미톨로지 절차 역시 입법 효율성에 비례한 민주적 정당성의 취약성을 갖는다는 사실을 보여준다.
Abstract
Comitology is a longstanding integral policy-making procedure between government officials of Member States and European Commission in order to complement the defects of both supranational and intergovernmental system. Member States establish legislative purpose, determine contents, and delegate financial authority to European Commission to implement prompt and coherent legislative procedure. Also comitology is not the result of treaty-based common decision or consultation process, but the result of necessity for European Commission's increasing responsibilities. Due to these grounds, comitology signifies a system which has both supranational and intergovernmental features. Based on these structural factors, direct intervention is constrained not like Ordinary Legislative Procedure and this shows that vulnerability of democratic legitimacy compared to legislative efficiency of comitology.
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