유럽의 전환 실험과 전략적 함의: 유럽 그린 딜(EGD)을 중심으로
Europe's transition experiment and its strategic implications - Focusing on the European Green Deal -
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초록
본 연구는 유럽연합이 새로운 성장전략으로 제시한 유럽 그린 딜의 전략적 함의를 유럽통합과 지정학의 두 가지 측면에서 파악하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 유럽 그린 딜의 주요 내용을 정리하면서 그것이 단일시장과 경제통화동맹과 같은 전통적인 경제영역을 넘어 환경정책을 통합의 주요 동력으로 부상시키며, 사회정책의 위상 증대와 새로운 형태의 거버넌스를 등장시키는 잠재력을 갖고 있음을 제시한다. 그러나 통합의 측면에서 유럽 그린 딜의 그러한 긍정적 함의에도 불구하고, 유럽 그린 딜이 친환경 기술을 둘러싸고 핵심 국가들 사이에 경쟁을 가열시키며 지정학적 변화를 초래하여 유럽통합의 진전을 훼손시킬 가능성 또한 있음도 제시한다. 따라서 본 연구는 유럽 그린 딜이 지정학적 마찰 가능성을 낮추고 통합의 순기능과 함께 기후와 안보의 윈-윈에 공헌토록 그것의 지정학적 관리와 글로벌 협력이 중요해지는 외교적 사안으로 변모해가고 있다고 주장한다.
Abstract
This study aims to identify the strategic implications of the European Green Deal, the EU's new growth strategy, from two perspectives: European integration and geopolitics. It summarizes the main features of the European Green Deal and shows that it has the potential to make environmental policy a major driver of integration beyond the traditional economic spheres of the Single Market and Economic and Monetary Union, as well as to elevate the status of social policy and the emergence of new forms of governance. However, despite these positive implications of the European Green Deal for integration, it also has the potential to undermine the progress of European integration by heating up competition among key countries over green technologies and causing geopolitical shifts. Therefore, this paper argues that the European Green Deal is turning into a diplomatic issue where its geopolitical management and global cooperation will be crucial to reduce the potential for geopolitical friction and contribute to the win-win of climate and security with a net function of integration.
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