우사깔짚에서 발생되는 온실가스 배출량 산정: 모의 실험결과
Emission Rate of Greenhouse Gases from Bedding Materials of Cowshed Floor: Lab-scale simulation study
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초록
우사바닥깔짚으로부터의 온실가스 배출량을 산정하기 위해 깔짚으로의 분뇨부하량을 정확히 조절할 수 있는 모의우사바닥에서의 깔짚두께별 CH4와 N2O 가스 발생량을 조사하였다. 톱밥이 10, 15cm 높이로 깔린 0.2583m2(L 0.63m×W 0.41m) 크기의 우사바닥으로의 한우와 젖소의 분뇨부하는 친환경 축사표준모델의 축사면적과 축종별 일일 분뇨배설량 자료를 기준으로 한우는 1.586 kg/m2/d, 젖소는 3.588kg/m2/d로 정하고 24시간 주기로 분뇨를 투입/혼합하면서 깔짚으로부터 발생하는 온실가스 발생량을 조사하였다. 총 12개의 모의우사바닥을 이용하여 모든 실험은 3반복으로 3회에 걸쳐 수행되었다(5~7월, 9~11월, 2~4월). 그 결과 단위면적당 CH4 발생량은 한우, 젖소 모두에서 깔짚이 두꺼운 경우 적게 발생하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 (p<0.05), N2O 발생량의 경우에도 깔짚두께에 따른 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 한우와 젖소를 비교할 때 단위면적당 온실가스 발생량은 젖소가 CH4는 약 7.5배, N2O는 약 1.2배 많았으며 연간 배출되는 CH4는 한우 7.4g/head/year, 젖소 130.4g/head/year로 젖소가 한우에 비해 21배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 N2O는 한우 3,267g/head/year, 젖소 14,719g/head/year로 젖소가 약 4.5배 많았으나 배설된 N 대비 N2O-N은 한우 0.2148kg N2O-N/kg N, 젖소 0.1632kg N2O-N/kg N으로 오히려 한우가 높았으며 IPCC 2006 GL값 0.07kg N2O-N/kg N과 비교시 한우는 약 3.07배, 젖소는 약 2.33배 높은 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
To know the emission amount of greenhouse gases from bedding materials of cowshed floor, the emission rates of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide(N2O) gases from a simulated cowshed floor(SCF) with sawdust that manure loading rate into the bedding material could be accurately controlled were assessed in this study. The manure loading rates of Korean beef and Holstein dairy cattle into the SCF of 0.258m2 surface area with 10 to 15cm height sawdust were 1.586kg/m2/d and 3.588 kg/m2/d, respectively, and those were calculated on the basis of “Standard model for sustainable livestock” and “Data for excretion amount of manure from livestock”. All experiments were done in triplicates in three different seasons(May to July, Sep. to Nov., and Feb. to Apr.) using 12 SCFs. The effects of bedding material thickness on CH4 and N2O emission from SCFs for both Korean beef cattle and Holstein dairy cattle were not statistically significant(p<0.05). Emission amount of CH4 and N2O per square meter of SCF for Holstein dairy cattle was 7.5 and 1.2 times higher than that of Korean beef cattle, respectively. The yearly CH4 amount per head was 17.7 times higher in Holstein dairy cattle, obtaining 130.4 g/head/year from SCF for Holstein dairy cattle and 7.4g/head/year from SCF for Korean beef cattle, and N2O was also 3.8 times higher in Holstein dairy cattle (3,267g/head/year in Korean beef cattle and 14,719 g/head/year in Holstein dairy cattle). However, the N2O-N per loaded nitrogen into SCF was higher in Korean beef cattle, having 0.2148 and 0.1632 kg N2O-N/kg N in Korean beef cattle and Holstein dairy cattle, respectively, and those values were 3.07 and 2.33 times higher than that of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) 2006 guideline(GL) (0.07kg N2O-N/kg N).
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