Effects of Prunella vulgaris labiatae extract on specific and non-specific immune responses in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
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We examined the effects of Prunella vulgaris Labiatae (P. vulgaris L.) on specific and non-specific immune responsesof Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The optimal concentration without toxicity of P. vulgaris was determined to30-40 μg/ml in vitro and 120 μg/100 g of fish in vivo. P. vulgaris significantly elicited an antibody titer compared toFCA or β-glucan. β-glucan plus P. vulgaris group synergistically enhanced antibody production. No significantdifference in antibody production was observed between P. vulgaris and P. vulgaris plus β-glucan group. Arespiratory burst activity of head kidney (HK) leucocytes of tilapia administered with 300 or 500 μg P. vulgaris wassignificantly (p < 0.05) enhanced compared with the PBS-injected control group and FCA-treated group. Maximumincrease in the NBT reduction value was observed in 500 μg P. vulgaris group but no significant difference wasfound between 300 and 500 μg P. vulgaris group. The level of serum lysozyme activity was significantly (p < 0.05)higher in the 300 and 500 μg P. vulgaris than 100 μg P. vulgaris and FCA group. The phagocytic activities of HKleucocytes from tilapia administered with 300 and 500 μg P. vulgaris were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than 100 μgP. vulgaris and the control group. P. vulgaris was revealed with a good immunoadjuvant evoking the specific andnon-specific immune responses of tilapia.
Abstract
We examined the effects of Prunella vulgaris Labiatae (P. vulgaris L.) on specific and non-specific immune responsesof Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The optimal concentration without toxicity of P. vulgaris was determined to30-40 μg/ml in vitro and 120 μg/100 g of fish in vivo. P. vulgaris significantly elicited an antibody titer compared toFCA or β-glucan. β-glucan plus P. vulgaris group synergistically enhanced antibody production. No significantdifference in antibody production was observed between P. vulgaris and P. vulgaris plus β-glucan group. Arespiratory burst activity of head kidney (HK) leucocytes of tilapia administered with 300 or 500 μg P. vulgaris wassignificantly (p < 0.05) enhanced compared with the PBS-injected control group and FCA-treated group. Maximumincrease in the NBT reduction value was observed in 500 μg P. vulgaris group but no significant difference wasfound between 300 and 500 μg P. vulgaris group. The level of serum lysozyme activity was significantly (p < 0.05)higher in the 300 and 500 μg P. vulgaris than 100 μg P. vulgaris and FCA group. The phagocytic activities of HKleucocytes from tilapia administered with 300 and 500 μg P. vulgaris were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than 100 μgP. vulgaris and the control group. P. vulgaris was revealed with a good immunoadjuvant evoking the specific andnon-specific immune responses of tilapia.
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