중국의 지역별 혁신적 인적자본의 추계와 비교
Estimation and Comparison of Regional Innovative Human Capital in China
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경제발전 수준이 높아짐에 따라 인적자본에 대한 관심은 더욱 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 중국의31개 지역을 대상으로 2002-2019년 기간 지역별 혁신적 인적자본을 추계 비교하고 있다. 본 연구의혁신적 인적자본은 학력형 인적자본, 논문형 인적자본 그리고 특허형 인적자본으로 구성된다. 특히본 연구는 기존 연구와 달리 특허형 인적자본과 논문형 인적자본의 가중치를 학력형 인적자본보다높게 가정하고 있다. 왜냐하면 단순한 학력보다는 특허와 논문이 지역의 혁신역량에 상대적으로 더욱 큰 영향을 초래할 것이기 때문이다. 본 논문의 분석결과는 세 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 중국의 지역별 혁신적 인적자본이 지역별 격차를 나타내고 있다. 지역경제발전 수준이 높은 지역일수록혁신적 인적자본의 수준도 높다. 둘째, 지역별 혁신적 인적자본이 동태적으로 변하고 있다. 셋째, 북경시, 상해시, 광동성, 강소성을 중심으로 지역별 집중 현상이 더욱 가속화되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 지역경제발전에서 혁신적 인적자본의 역할이 중요함을 강조하고 있다.
Abstract
As the level of economic development increases, interest in human capital is also increasing. This paper estimates and compares innovative human capital by region for 31 regions in China between 2002 and 2019. The innovative human capital in this paper consists of education-type human capital, thesis-type human capital, and patent-type human capital. In particular, unlike previous studies, this study assumes that the weight of patent-type human capital and paper-type human capital is higher than that of education-type human capital. This is because patents and thesis will have a relatively greater impact on a region's innovation capacity than simple education background. The analysis results of this paper can be summarized in three points. First, China's regional innovative human capital shows regional disparities. Second, innovative human capital by region is changing dynamically. Third, regional concentration is accelerating, especially in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Jiangsu. Therefore, the results of this paper emphasize the importance of the role of innovative human capital in regional economic development.
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