A comparative evaluation of CO2 and erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser therapy in the management of dentin hypersensitivity and assessment of mineral content
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Purpose: Dentin hypersensitivity is a potential threat to oral health. Laser irradiation mayprovide reliable and reproducible treatment but remains controversial. The present studyaimed to evaluate the effects of CO2 or erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG)laser therapy, and to assess mineral content. Methods: Eighteen human single-rooted teeth affected with advanced periodontitis wereobtained. Buccal and lingual surfaces were planed to form 36 specimens. Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid gel (24%) was applied to remove the smear layer and simulate hypersensitiveteeth. The experimental groups were: group 1, control (no irradiation); group 2, CO2 laser(repetitive pulsed mode, 2 W, 2.7 J/cm²); and group 3, Er:YAG laser (slight contact mode,40 mJ/pulse and 10 Hz). To evaluate dentinal tubule occlusion, six specimens per group (2-mm thickness) were prepared and observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) forcalculation of the occlusion percentage. To evaluate the mineral content, six specimens pergroup (0.6-mm thickness) were used, and then the levels of Ca, K, Mg, Na, and P were measuredby inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. In addition, the surfacetemperature of the specimens during laser irradiation was analyzed by a thermograph. Results: The SEM photomicrographs indicated melted areas around exposed dentinal tubulesand a significantly greater percentage of tubular occlusion in the CO2 and Er:YAG lasergroups than the control, and in the Er:YAG group than the CO2 laser group. In addition,no significant differences were noted among the experimental groups for the mineral elementsanalyzed. The CO2 laser group showed an evident thermal effect compared to theEr:YAG group. Conclusions: CO2 and Er:YAG laser are effective in treating dentin hypersensitivity and reducingits symptoms. However, the Er:YAG laser has a more significant effect; thus, it mayconstitute a useful conditioning item. Furthermore, neither CO2 nor Er:YAG lasers affectedthe compositional structure of the mineral content.
Abstract
Purpose: Dentin hypersensitivity is a potential threat to oral health. Laser irradiation mayprovide reliable and reproducible treatment but remains controversial. The present studyaimed to evaluate the effects of CO2 or erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG)laser therapy, and to assess mineral content. Methods: Eighteen human single-rooted teeth affected with advanced periodontitis wereobtained. Buccal and lingual surfaces were planed to form 36 specimens. Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid gel (24%) was applied to remove the smear layer and simulate hypersensitiveteeth. The experimental groups were: group 1, control (no irradiation); group 2, CO2 laser(repetitive pulsed mode, 2 W, 2.7 J/cm²); and group 3, Er:YAG laser (slight contact mode,40 mJ/pulse and 10 Hz). To evaluate dentinal tubule occlusion, six specimens per group (2-mm thickness) were prepared and observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) forcalculation of the occlusion percentage. To evaluate the mineral content, six specimens pergroup (0.6-mm thickness) were used, and then the levels of Ca, K, Mg, Na, and P were measuredby inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. In addition, the surfacetemperature of the specimens during laser irradiation was analyzed by a thermograph. Results: The SEM photomicrographs indicated melted areas around exposed dentinal tubulesand a significantly greater percentage of tubular occlusion in the CO2 and Er:YAG lasergroups than the control, and in the Er:YAG group than the CO2 laser group. In addition,no significant differences were noted among the experimental groups for the mineral elementsanalyzed. The CO2 laser group showed an evident thermal effect compared to theEr:YAG group. Conclusions: CO2 and Er:YAG laser are effective in treating dentin hypersensitivity and reducingits symptoms. However, the Er:YAG laser has a more significant effect; thus, it mayconstitute a useful conditioning item. Furthermore, neither CO2 nor Er:YAG lasers affectedthe compositional structure of the mineral content.
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